Table 1.
Demographics and cycle characteristics of patients with different previous delivery modes.
| Cleavage-stage embryo | Blastocyst -stage embryo | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| before PSM | after PSM | before PSM | after PSM | |||||||||
| VD (n=1707) | CD (n=1428) | P value | VD (n=1350) | CD (n=1350) | P value | VD (n=926) | CD (n=818) | P value | VD (n=729) | CD (n=729) | P value | |
| Age (year) | 35.52±4.71 | 36.81±5.00 | <0.001* | 36.52±4.96 | 36.3±4.64 | 0.237 | 33.48±4.76 | 33.39±4.25 | 0.707 | 33.43±4.77 | 33.30±4.41 | 0.58 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.13±2.78 | 23.63±2.79 | 0.004* | 23.13±2.82 | 23.25±2.96 | 0.283 | 22.38±2.73 | 23.68±2.81 | 0.028* | 22.38±2.74 | 22.63±2.7 | 0.079 |
| Infertility diagnosis, n (%) | ||||||||||||
| Tubal factors | 597 (34.97) | 469 (32.84) | 0.294 | 438 (32.44) | 446 (33.04) | 0.613 | 460 (49.68) | 402 (49.14) | 0.976 | 376 (51.58) | 363 (49.19) | 0.898 |
| Decreased ovarian reservation | 551 (32.28) | 448 (31.37) | 402 (29.78) | 426 (31.56) | 195 (21.06) | 169 (20.66) | 149 (20.44) | 154 (20.87) | ||||
| Unexplained infertility | 157 (9.20) | 135 (9.45) | 125 (9.26) | 118 (8.74) | 95 (10.26) | 85 (10.39) | 61 (8.37) | 60 (8.13) | ||||
| Combined factors | 402 (23.55) | 376 (26.33) | 385 (28.52) | 360 (26.67) | 176 (19.01) | 162 (19.8) | 143 (19.62) | 152 (20.6) | ||||
| Fertilization method, n (%) | ||||||||||||
| IVF | 1371 (80.32) | 1139 (79.76) | 0.699 | 1090 (80.74) | 1065 (78.89) | 0.231 | 745 (80.45) | 687 (83.99) | 0.055 | 599 (82.17) | 602 (82.58) | 0.837 |
| ICSI | 336 (19.68) | 289 (20.24) | 260 (19.26) | 285 (21.11) | 181 (19.55) | 131 (16.01) | 130 (17.83) | 127 (17.42) | ||||
| transfer cycle, n (%) | ||||||||||||
| Fresh | 720 (42.18) | 602 (42.16) | 0.990 | 526 (38.96) | 575 (42.59) | 0.055 | 40 (4.32) | 45 (5.50) | 0.253 | 24 (3.29) | 28 (3.84) | 0.572 |
| Frozen | 987 (57.82) | 826 (57.84) | 824 (61.04) | 775 (57.41) | 886 (95.68) | 773 (94.50) | 705 (96.71) | 701 (96.16) | ||||
| Stimulation protocol, n (%) | ||||||||||||
| Agonist | 371 (51.53) | 319 (52.99) | 0.596 | 277 (52.66) | 305 (53.04) | 0.899 | 32 (80) | 35 (77.78) | 0.802 | 22 (91.67) | 20 (71.43) | 0.065 |
| Antagonist | 349 (48.47) | 283 (47.01) | 249 (47.34) | 270 (46.96) | 8 (20) | 10 (22.22) | 2 (8.33) | 8 (28.57) | ||||
| Endometrial preparation method, n (%) | ||||||||||||
| Natural cycle | 435 (44.07) | 375 (45.40) | 0.314 | 384 (46.6) | 352 (45.42) | 0.272 | 357(40.29) | 305 (39.46) | 0.292 | 270 (38.30) | 280 (39.94) | 0.641 |
| Induced ovulation | 302 (30.60) | 272 (32.93) | 246 (29.85) | 261 (33.69) | 350 (39.50) | 299 (38.68) | 275 (39.01) | 277 (39.51) | ||||
| Hormone replacement treatment (HRT) | 169 (17.12) | 119 (14.41) | 135 (16.38) | 106 (13.68) | 108 (12.19) | 87 (11.25) | 93 (13.19) | 77 (10.98) | ||||
| GnRHa+HRT | 81 (8.21) | 60 (7.26) | 59 (7.16) | 56 (7.23) | 71 (8.01) | 82 (10.61) | 67 (9.50) | 67 (9.56) | ||||
| Endometrial thickness (mm) | 9.62±1.89 | 9.50±1.70 | 0.040* | 9.56±1.85 | 9.49±1.79 | 0.296 | 9.76±1.74 | 9.59±1.64 | 0.040* | 9.70±1.68 | 9.65±1.67 | 0.505 |
PSM, propensity score matching; VD, vaginal delivery; CD, cesarean delivery; BMI, body mass index; IVF, in vitro fertilization; ICSI, intracytoplasmic sperm injection; GnRHa, gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist; Values are described as mean ± standard deviation or number (percentage); *P<0.05.