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. 2022 May 23;10:840171. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2022.840171

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Copyright © 2022 Wu, Rong, Pan, Wang, Yang, Chen, Xiao and Zhao.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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TMAO and TNF-α alter expression of the DEGs in Hepa1-6 cells and Huh7 cells. (A–D) Expression of the POSTN, NAPB, LAYN and HTRA3 mRNAs were significantly upregulated in Hepa1-6 cells and Huh7 cells treated with 50 ng/ml TNF-α and 50 μM TMAO in combination compared to cells treated with 50 ng/ml TNF-α alone; results are mean ± SD (n = 3 per group); Student’s t-test. (E,F) On the contrary, 50 ng/ml TNF-α and 50 μM TMAO in combination significantly downregulated the expression of AANAT and AFM compared to cells treated with 50 ng/ml TNF-α alone; results are mean ± SD (n = 3 per group); Student’s t-test.