Table 2.
Echocardiographic parameters of right heart in Han lowlanders, Han migrants and native Tibetans.
|
Han lowlanders (n = 82) |
Han migrants <1 year (n = 64) |
Han migrants > 5 years (n = 71) |
Tibetans (n = 75) |
p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RA EDVI (ml/m2) | 15.6 ± 3.6 | 17.7 ± 5* | 16.6 ± 4.4 | 18 ± 4.7 | 0.019 |
| RA ESVI (ml/m2) | 6.6 ± 1.9 | 7.7 ± 2* | 7.5 ± 2.3 | 7.8 ± 1.9 | 0.010 |
| RAEF (%) | 57.7 ± 7.7 | 55.5 ± 9.6 | 55.2 ± 8.7 | 56.2 ± 7 | 0.415 |
| RA GLS (%) | 41.8 ± 8.8 | 38.5 ± 6.8* | 40.4 ± 8.5† | 41.1 ± 8.6 | 0.000 |
| Tricuspid E (cm/s) | 60.8 ± 8.2 | 56.6 ± 9.3* | 50.9 ± 8.2† | 63.9 ± 6.4 | 0.000 |
| Tricuspid A (cm/s) | 38.9 ± 6 | 33.5 ± 5.7* | 40.1 ± 6.3† | 39 ± 5 | 0.000 |
| Tricuspid E/A ratio | 1.6 ± 0.2 | 1.7 ± 0.3 | 1.3 ± 0.2† | 1.6 ± 0.2‡ | 0.000 |
| s′ (cm/s) | 12.5 ± 1.7 | 11.7 ± 1.9* | 11.9 ± 1.5 | 12.7 ± 1.8‡ | 0.001 |
| e′ (cm/s) | 14 ± 2 | 13.2 ± 2.9* | 12.6 ± 2.5 | 14.1 ± 2.1‡ | 0.000 |
| a′ (cm/s) | 12.2 ± 1.9 | 9.2 ± 1.8* | 11.4 ± 1.2† | 11.6 ± 2 | 0.000 |
| Tricuspid E/e' ratio | 4.4 ± 0.9 | 4.4 ± 1 | 4.2 ± 1 | 4.6 ± 0.8‡ | 0.034 |
| TAPSE (mm) | 21.6 ± 1.6 | 17.8 ± 3* | 20.8 ± 3† | 21.3 ± 2.1 | 0.000 |
| PTR (mmHg) | 17.9 ± 3 | 27.5 ± 4.2* | 23.6 ± 3.7† | 22.9 ± 2.8 | 0.000 |
| RAP (mmHg) | 3.2 ± 1.1 | 4.4 ± 2.2* | 3.6 ± 1.6† | 3.4 ± 1.4 | 0.000 |
| PASP (mmHg) | 21.1 ± 4.2 | 32.6 ± 5.1* | 27.8 ± 5.2† | 26.1 ± 3.4 | 0.000 |
| PAMP (mmHg) | 15.4 ± 3.8 | 22.6 ± 4.6* | 19.2 ± 4.7† | 18.26 ± 3.8 | 0.000 |
Values are means ± SD. *P < 0.05 short-term acclimatized Hans vs. lowlanders; P < 0.05 long-term acclimatized Hans vs. short-term acclimatized Hans; P < 0.05 Tibetans vs. long-term acclimatized Hans.
EDVI, end-diastolic volume index; ESVI, end-systolic volume index; RAEF, right atrial emptying fraction; GLS, global longitudinal strain; TAPSE, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; PTR, tricuspid regurgitation gradient pressure; PASP, pulmonary artery systolic pressure; RAP, right atrial pressure; PAMP, pulmonary artery mean pressure.