Fig. 2.

EMPA-treated micehave reduced cardiac hypertrophy and are protected against ischemia. A. Interventricular septum during diastole (IVSd). B. Left ventricular internal dimension during diastole (LVIDd). C. Left ventricular posterior wall during diastole (LVPWd). D. Left ventricular internal dimension during systole (LVIDs). E. Estimated left ventricular mass (LV mass). F-G.Bnp and Anp mRNA measured from heart samples of sham operated mice and areas of infarct, peri-infarct and remote heart of mice one week after coronary artery ligations (CAL) without reperfusion. Data are the mean ± s.e.m. for groups of n = 15–16 for A-E and n = 3–4 sham and n = 5–6 for CAL. Data were compared by one-way ANOVA and followed by multiple comparison testing to compare all groups when a significant effect was observed. *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001.