Fig. 3.

rTMS reduced neuroinflammation in 3xTg-AD mice. A Representative immunofluorescent staining images of Iba1⁺ (green), CD68⁺ (red) with DAPI (blue) in the CA1 region of hippocampus. Scale bar = 50 μm. B Statistical diagram of the number of Iba1⁺ microglia cells and the ratio of CD68⁺ Iba1⁺ cells/Iba1⁺ cells in the CA1 region of hippocampus. C Representative immunofluorescent staining images of Iba1⁺ (green), CD68⁺ (red) with DAPI (blue) in the DG region of hippocampus. Scale bar = 50 μm. D Statistical diagram of the number of Iba1⁺ microglia cells and the ratio of CD68⁺ Iba1⁺ cells/Iba1⁺ cells in the DG region of hippocampus. E-G Hippocampal IL-6 (E), IL-1β (F) and TNF-α (G) levels detected by ELISA. At least 9 fluorescence microscope photos of 3 mice were included in each group for statistical analysis. All data were represented as mean ± SEM and analyzed by two-way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)