Box 1 A proposed framework for action: five fronts to secure the mental wellbeing of children and adolescents (adapted from Buchweitz et al.4).

1. Integrate mental and general health - Use existing opportunities for screening: prenatal care and immunization campaigns - Use existing opportunities to collect data: add relevant mental health components to population- and school-based surveys from diverse sectors - Implement relevant mental health indicators to evaluate health services in general and outline mental health-relevant treatment and care goals - Integrate mental health data into electronic health records and referral systems

2. Enhance the workforce - Review health curricula to include mental health components - Train and support primary care workers using a variety of strategies, including telemedicine - Train lay workers to provide mental health support in the community and improve access to specialized services as needed

3. Broaden research - Create evidence observatories - Foster international partnerships - Conduct high quality clinical trials for local populations, focusing on psychosocial or combined interventions

4. Strengthen participation - Mobilize media, schools, communities, and families to actively participate in initiatives to fight stigma - Disseminate information on how to access services and opportunities to contribute to policies and the legal framework - Promote collaboration among different organizations to reflect and act on shared advocacy goals - Engage youth in research and policy evaluation and planning

5. Think digital - Map available systems that can be used for mental health care - Research and develop context-sensitive digital strategies