9. Raw data for quality of life.
| Study ID and comparison | Intervention group baseline n, mean (SD) | Control group baseline n, mean (SD) | Intervention group post timeframe, n, mean (SD) | Control group post timeframe, n, mean (SD) | Intervention group follow‐up timeframe, n, mean (SD) | Control group follow‐up timeframe, n, mean (SD) |
| Exercise trials | ||||||
| Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire 39 (PDQ39) and 8 (PDQ8) (range 0‐100)* | ||||||
|
Canning 2015a Gait, balance and functional training vs Control |
115, 28 (13.9) |
116, 30.7 (15.4) |
26 weeks, 104, 29.7 (14.8) |
26 weeks, 115, 32.5 (15.9) |
NA | NA |
|
Chivers Seymour 2019 Gait, balance and functional training vs Control |
126, 27.4 (14.3) |
153, 28.7 (15.9) |
6 months, 126, 28.3 (15.0) |
6 months, 153, 29.5 (16.5) |
12 months, 77, 29.1 (15.4) |
12 months, 100, 31.7 (15.5) |
|
Gandolfi 2017 (PDQ8) Gait, balance and functional training (virtual reality telerehabilitation) vs Gait, balance and functional training (balance training in a facility) |
36, 30.7 (15.5)/ 34, 30.5 (16.0) |
NA | 7 weeks, 36, 24.1 (14.8)/ 34, 24.2 (15.9) |
NA | 11 weeks, 36, 25.8 (14.9)/ 34, 23.9 (13.2) |
NA |
|
Gandolfi 2019 (PDQ8) Gait, balance and functional training (trunk‐specific exercises) vs Gait, balance and functional training (general exercises) |
19, 25.5 (11.8)/ 18, 18.7 (10.8) |
NA | 4 weeks, 19, 21.5 (10.0)/ 18, 15.3 (8.6) |
NA | 8 weeks, 19, 23.0 (12.6)/ 18, 21.0 (8.8) |
NA |
|
Harro 2014 Gait, balance and functional training (cueing training) / Gait, balance and functional training (treadmill‐based gait training) |
11, 31.1 (14.8)/ 11, 40.1 (17.5 |
NA | 6 weeks, 10, 27.5 (17.9)/ 10, 27.4 (10.0) |
NA | 3 months, 10, 25.4 (15.0)/ 9, 30.0 (12.9) |
NA |
|
Li 2012 (PDQ8) 3D exercise (Tai Chi) / Resistance training vs Control |
65, 25.1 (16.8)/ 65, 25.3 (14.7) |
65, 25.2 (16.3) |
6 months, 65, 15.5 (11.4)/ 65, 21.4 (12.7) |
6 months, 65, 25.1 (15.6) |
NA | NA |
|
Volpe 2014a** Gait, balance and functional training (with proprioceptive stabiliser) / Gait, balance and functional training (without proprioceptive stabiliser) |
20, 62.7 (19.5)/ 20, 61.4 (38.9) |
NA | 2 months, 20, 44.0 (22.3)/ 20, 58.5 (37.9) |
NA | 4 months, 20, 53.7 (22.3)/ 20, 61.0 (35.1) |
NA |
|
Volpe 2014b Gait, balance and functional training (hydrotherapy) / Gait, balance and functional training (land‐based therapy) |
17, 60.3 (19.9)/ 17, 64.4 (28.6) |
NA | 2 months 17, 41.9 (20.9)/ 17, 56.4 (26.8) |
NA | NA | NA |
| EQ5D Thermometer (0‐100) | ||||||
|
Ashburn 2007 Gait, balance and functional training vs Control |
70, 63.1 (17.1) |
71, 64.6 (14.5) |
8 weeks, 67, 61.3 (19.8) |
8 weeks, 66, 61.7 (14.5) |
6 months, 65, 63.0 (18.7) |
6 months, 64, 56.6 (16.9) |
| EQ5D Index score (range 0‐1) | ||||||
|
Goodwin 2011** Gait, balance and functional training vs Control |
61, 0.7 (0.1) |
63, 0.7 (0.1) |
10 weeks, 61, 0.7 (0.1) |
10 weeks, 63, 0.7 (0.1) |
20 weeks, 61, 0.8 (0.3) |
20 weeks, 62, 0.7 (0.3) |
|
Munneke 2010 Other exercise (ParkinsonNet therapists) / Other exercise (standard therapists) |
358, 0.65 (0.20)/ 341, 0.65 (0.22) |
NA | 16 weeks, 295, 0.66 (0.20)/ 294, 0.65 (0.23) |
NA | 24 weeks, 262, 0.68 (0.21)/ 259, 0.66 (0.23) |
NA |
| SF12 and SF36 Physical Composite Score (range 0‐100) | ||||||
|
Canning 2015a (SF12) Gait, balance and functional training vs control |
115, 42.3 (7.6) |
116, 42.9 (7.9) |
26 weeks, 104, 41.3 (8.8) |
26 weeks, 115, 40.2 (7.8) |
NA | NA |
|
Mirelman 2016 (SF36) Gait, balance and functional training (virtual reality treadmill training) / Gait, balance and functional training (treadmill‐based gait training) |
66, 49 (2.5)/ 64, 44.8 (2.5) |
NA | 6 weeks, 66, 52 (2.5)/ 64, 46.5 (2.5) |
NA | 6 months, 66, 50.5 (2.5)/ 64, 48 (2.5) |
NA |
| SF12 Mental Composite Score (range 0‐100) | ||||||
|
Canning 2015a Gait, balance and functional training vs Control |
115, 51.6 (6.5) |
116, 50.5 (6.8) |
26 weeks, 104, 51.2 (6.4) |
26 weeks, 115, 50.3 (6.7) |
NA | NA |
| Medication Trials | ||||||
| EQ5D Thermometer (0‐100) | ||||||
|
Henderson 2016 Rivastigmine vs placebo |
65, 64 (17) |
65, 65 (17) |
32 weeks, 58, 66 (16) |
32 weeks, 63, 63 (18) |
NA | NA |
| EQ 5D Index score (range 0‐1) | ||||||
|
Henderson 2016 Rivastigmine vs placebo |
65, 0.72 (0.19) |
65, 0.71 (0.18) |
32 weeks, 58, 0.66 (0.21) |
32 weeks, 63, 0.66 (0.19) |
NA | NA |
| Education plus exercise trials | ||||||
| Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire 39 (PDQ39) (range 0‐100)* | ||||||
|
Morris 2015 Resistance training / Gait, balance and functional training (movement strategy training) vs Control |
70, 20.8 (13.6)/ 69, 19.4 (12.8) |
71, 22.1 (12.5) |
3 months, 67, 18.9 (13.5)/ 64, 16.9 (14.0) |
3 months, 54, 18.5 (12.6) |
14 months, 67, 20.0 (13.6)/ 66, 20.8 (14.1) |
14 months, 57, 24.1 (13.1) |
|
Morris 2017 Gait, balance and functional training plus education vs Control |
67, 23 (14) |
66, 24 (15) |
6 weeks, 62, 21 (14) |
6 weeks, 58, 20 (14) |
58 weeks, 55, 22 (13) |
58 weeks, 53, 22 (14) |
| EQ5D Thermometer (0‐100) | ||||||
|
Morris 2015 Resistance training / Gait, balance and functional training (movement strategy training) vs Control |
70, 74.1 (16.7)/ 69, 73.9 (15.9) |
71, 72.7 (14.6) |
3 months, 67, 71.8 (16.4)/ 64, 76.5 (16.4) |
3 months, 54, 74.7 (16.0) |
14 months, 67, 75.4 (14.1)/ 66, 75.0 (13.5) |
14 months, 57, 72.8 (16.0) |
|
Morris 2017 Gait, balance and functional training vs Control |
67, 73 (15) |
66, 72 (16) |
6 weeks, 62, 68 (15) |
6 weeks, 58, 76 (12) |
58 weeks, 55, 72 (17) |
58 weeks, 53, 71 (14) |
| EQ5D Index score (range 0‐1) | ||||||
|
Morris 2017 Gait, balance and functional training vs Control |
67, 0.67 (0.27) |
66, 0.63 (0.28) |
6 weeks, 62, 0.66 (0.29) |
6 weeks, 58, 0.65 (0.27) |
58 weeks, 55, 0.67 (0.25) |
58 weeks, 53, 0.64 (0.3) |
NA: not applicable
*High score = worse quality of life
** Median and interquartile range reported by trial authors and converted to mean and standard deviation by review authors: Volpe 2014a using technique described by Wan 2014 and Goodwin 2011 using the technique described in the Cochrane Handbook (Higgins 2017). Conversion techniques differed due to the different sample sizes in the trials.
PDQ8 = Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire 8