Figure 3.

LIFU targeting and its effects during high and low pressures. (A, B) How external transducers (around the brain) target glioblastomas in practice by the converging ultrasound waves (in the direction of the blue arrows). (C) The possible scenarios at low pressure (stable cavitation); the RBC, and immune cells are confined to the blood vessels while disrupting TJs and creating openings with low levels of therapeutic extravasation. (D) The possible scenarios at higher pressure (inertial cavitation) where there is greater concentration of drugs delivered with wider openings between the ECs. Note that there is MB collapse, immune cells, and RBC extravasations as well as affected neurons (which appears dark on analysis). The red arrows (curved full arrows) represent drug extravasation while the orange arrows (curved full arrows) represent the feasibility of liquid biopsies.