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. 2022 Jun 6;12:231. doi: 10.1038/s41398-022-01986-y

Table 3.

a. Comparison of child maltreatment effect on later psychiatric disorders by age of onset (≥6 vs <6). b. Comparison of child maltreatment effect on later psychiatric disorders by gender (male vs female). c. Comparison of child maltreatment effect on later psychiatric disorders by history of childhood sexual abuse (yes vs no).

All events Excluding events in the first follow-up year
Ratio of HR (95% CI) p-value Ratio of HR (95% CI) p-value
Overall psychiatric disorders 1.34 (1.08, 1.66) 0.007 1.03 (0.81, 1.32) 0.78
Specific psychiatric disorders
Anxiety disorder 1.18 (0.77, 1.80) 0.45 1.10 (0.71, 1.71) 0.67
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder 2.37 (1.62, 3.44) <0.001 1.38 (0.88, 2.16) 0.16
Bipolar disorder 1.46 (0.17, 12.44) 0.73 1.65 (0.19, 14.11) 0.65
Conduct disorder / oppositional defiant disorder 1.14 (0.54, 2.41) 0.73 0.79 (0.34, 1.88) 0.60
Depressive disorder 1.70 (0.69, 4.17) 0.25 1.58 (0.64, 3.89) 0.32
Personality disorders 1.31 (0.64, 2.68) 0.46 1.41 (0.66, 2.98) 0.38
Psychosis 0.82 (0.37, 1.80) 0.61 0.85 (0.38, 1.88) 0.69
Suicide and self-inflicted injury 1.52 (0.80, 2.89) 0.20 1.65 (0.82, 3.30) 0.16
Overall psychiatric disorders 1.14 (0.95, 1.38) 0.16 1.01 (0.81, 1.26) 0.94
Specific psychiatric disorders
Anxiety disorder 0.79 (0.54, 1.15) 0.22 0.93 (0.62, 1.39) 0.71
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder 0.62 (0.36, 1.06) 0.08 0.39 (0.20, 0.74) 0.004
Bipolar disorder 0.80 (0.25, 2.61) 0.71 0.76 (0.22, 2.67) 0.67
Conduct disorder / oppositional defiant disorder 1.22 (0.52, 2.85) 0.65 0.78 (0.26, 2.37) 0.67
Depressive disorder 1.07 (0.56, 2.06) 0.84 1.19 (0.61, 2.33) 0.61
Personality disorders 0.56 (0.28, 1.09) 0.09 0.62 (0.30, 1.28) 0.20
Psychosis 1.09 (0.60, 1.99) 0.78 1.04 (0.56, 1.94) 0.91
Suicide and self-inflicted injury 0.88 (0.57, 1.34) 0.54 0.87 (0.56, 1.36) 0.55
Overall psychiatric disorders 1.13 (0.91, 1.40) 0.28 1.18 (0.90, 1.53) 0.23
Specific psychiatric disorders
Anxiety disorder 1.27 (0.87, 1.85) 0.22 0.92 (0.57, 1.49) 0.74
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder 0.81 (0.47, 1.37) 0.43 1.08 (0.57, 2.02) 0.82
Bipolar disorder 0.55 (0.07, 4.16) 0.56 0.62 (0.08, 4.73) 0.64
Conduct disorder / oppositional defiant disorder 2.05 (1.13, 3.72) 0.02 3.09 (1.53, 6.25) 0.002
Depressive disorder 1.89 (1.16, 3.07) 0.01 1.64 (0.95, 2.83) 0.08
Personality disorders 1.62 (0.95, 2.75) 0.08 1.65 (0.90, 3.03) 0.11
Psychosis 1.28 (0.67, 2.43) 0.45 1.39 (0.73, 2.64) 0.32
Suicide and self-inflicted injury 1.25 (0.85, 1.83) 0.26 1.15 (0.74, 1.79) 0.54

Adjusted for age, sex, and status of receiving CSSA.