Fig. 2. The morphology analysis of Zn deposits.

The SEM images of Zn deposits from the Zn electrodes of Zn||Zn cells with a fixed areal capacity of 1 mAh cm⁻² and different current densities from 1 to 20 mA cm⁻² in (a–d) ZS and (e–h) La³⁺-ZS electrolytes. i The high-magnification SEM image of the Zn electrode for a Zn||Zn cell in La³⁺-ZS electrolyte after 10 cycles under a current density of 1 mA cm⁻² for 1 h. j GIXRD patterns of Zn deposits from the Zn electrodes of a Zn||Zn cell under a current density of 1 mA cm⁻² for 1 h showing the reduced (002) planes in La³⁺-ZS electrolyte. k The illustration of the hexagonal close packed (hcp) structure of Zn.