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. 2022 Jun 6;12:9113. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-11743-2

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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(a) Migration edges between Micropterus nigricans and M. salmoides, inferred from TreeMix analysis. Arrows show relative magnitude and direction of gene flow among populations of the Largemouth Bass complex. (b) Principal component analysis (PCA) of genetic variance for species of the Largemouth Bass complex. Grey ellipses indicate major geographic populations or lineages of the Largemouth Bass complex. We separate populations that are genetically admixed between Micropterus nigricans and Micropterus salmoides by origin of genetic admixture: presumably natural secondary contract (green circles); uncertain (green rectangles); and human-mediated origin (green triangles). (c) Violin plots for ranges of pairwise Fst values among populations within Micropterus nigricans, M. salmoides, and genetic admixtures (Choctawhatchee and North Carolina Piedmont) and between each pair of the three groups. Pairwise Fst values between populations of Micropterus nigricans and M. salmoides are considerably higher than other pairs in comparison. Illustrations © Joseph R. Tomelleri, used with permission.