Table 7.

Outcomes from the mediation analysis using PROCESS to assess the mediation effect of significant brain structure changes related to Childhood stress (IV) on cognitive ability (DV).

Mediator (Diffusion measure)	Dependent Variable (Cognitive Task or Mental Health Outcomes)	Direct effect	Indirect effect	95% Confidence Intervals (Upper & Lower Bounds)
FA in left posterior thalamic radiation	Symbol digit substitution	−0.094	−0.012	−0.021, −0.004
	Trail making (numeric)	0.858	0.127	0.04, 0.214
	Trail making (alphanumeric)	4.115	0.38	0.128, 0.645
	Mental Health Outcomes	0.081	0.0003	0.0001, 0.0006
FA in right posterior thalamic radiation	Symbol digit substitution	−0.093	−0.014	−0.022, −0.005
	Trail making (numeric)	0.85	0.136	0.052, 0.224
	Trail making (alphanumeric)	4.008	0.486	0.193, 0.815
	Mental Health Outcomes	0.081	0.0003	0.0001–0.0006
MD in left cingulum of the hippocampus	Symbol digit substitution	−0.104	−0.002	−0.0047, −0.0002
	Trail making (numeric)	0.957	0.028	0.0034, 0.06
	Trail making (alphanumeric)	4.428	0.066	0.0006, 0.165
MD in right posterior thalamic radiation	Symbol digit substitution	−0.099	−0.007	−0.014, −0.001
	Trail making (numeric)	0.905	0.08	0.01, 0.158
	Trail making (alphanumeric)	4.283	0.212	0.027, 0.414
	Mental Health Outcomes	0.081	0.0002	<0.001–0.0004
ICVF in left cingulum of the hippocampus	Symbol digit substitution	−0.102	−0.004	−0.008, −0.0007
	Trail making (numeric)	0.952	0.033	0.003, 0.075
	Trail making (alphanumeric)	4.374	0.12	0.021, 0.262
ICVF in left posterior thalamic radiation	Symbol digit substitution	−0.095	−0.011	−0.018, −0.0052
	Trail making (numeric)	0.858	0.127	0.058, 0.202
	Trail making (alphanumeric)	4.168	0.326	0.144, 0.542
	Mental Health Outcomes	0.081	0.0004	0.0001–0.0007
ICVF in right posterior thalamic radiation	Symbol digit substitution	−0.096	−0.011	−0.017, 0.005
	Trail making (numeric)	0.87	0.115	0.052, 0.187
	Trail making (alphanumeric)	4.15	0.342	0.155, 0.565
	Mental Health Outcomes	0.081	0.0004	0.0001–0.0007