Table 2.

Frequency and examples of the different types of medication administration errors per opportunity of errors (n = 1012).

Error type	Description of example	Frequency	Error rate (%)
Wrong Dose	Levofloxacin 750 mg, nurse roughly threw half of drug solution bag (500mg/100 ml) into the sink.	18	1.78
Wrong Time	Allopurinol 300 mg was administered at 3–4 PM instead of 8 AM.	84	8.3
Wrong Route	Heparin was given (subcutaneous) SQ instead of IV.	1	0.01
The drug is not given	A lactulose enema was not given to the patient to treat constipation associated with morphine use.	7	0.7
Incorrect drug preparation		247	24.4
•Errors in Preparation	Bisoprolol 5 mg, nurse broke the tablet by his nails.	148	14.6
•Wrong IV mixture	Vancomycin diluted with NS instead of SWFI.	30	2.96
•Wrong IV volume	Micafungin 100 mg reconstituted in 10 ml NS then diluted it in 100 ml NS.	69	6.8
The incorrect technique of administration		188	18.6
•Wrong Administration technique	The prefilled syringe of Enoxaparin was administered to the patient while the injection site was not swabbed with alcohol.	84	8.3
•Wrong intravenous rate	Vancomycin 1250 mg constituted with 10 ml NS (instead of 20 ml SWFI) and then diluted in 100 ml NS instead of 200 ml, rate of administration = 30 min instead of 60 min	114	11.3
No documentation	Pethidine given but not documented	1	0.01
Adherence error	Ticagrelor tablet was left on the patient's bedside while he was sleeping, and the nurse did not verify whether the medication was taken or not.	364	35.97
Total		910	89.9

SWFI: sterile water for injection.