Table 2. Predictors of unscheduled rehospitalization and all-cause death (univariate analysis).
Variables | Death
(n = 15) |
Survivals (n = 153) | P-value | HR [95% CI] | P-value | Rehosp. (+)
(n = 41) |
Rehosp. (-)
(n = 123) |
P-value | HR [95% CI] | P-value |
Data are presented as mean ± SD or n (%). *NA: due to the small number of observations. ACS: acute coronary syndrome; AF: atrial fibrillation; BMI: body mass index; CABG: coronary artery bypass grafting; CHF: congestive heart failure; CKD: chronic kidney disease; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; EF: ejection fraction; Hgb: hemoglobin; MI: myocardial infarction; NSTEMI: non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; PCI: percutaneous coronary intervention; STEMI: ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; TIA: transient ischemic attack; UA: unstable angina. | ||||||||||
Female | 10 (66.7%) | 66 (43.1%) | 0.081 | 2.40 [0.82; 7.03] | 0.109 | 22 (53.7%) | 50 (40.6%) | 0.146 | 1.48 [0.80; 2.73] | 0.213 |
Age, yrs | 78.7 ± 7.7 | 74.2 ± 7.3 | 0.022 | 1.07 [1.01; 1.14] | 0.025 | 78.4 ± 8.2 | 73.4 ± 6.7 | < 0.001 | 1.08 [1.04; 1.12] | < 0.001 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 25.0 ± 3.8 | 27.0 ± 4.5 | 0.098 | 0.90 [0.79; 1.02] | 0.097 | 26.0 ± 3.3 | 27.1 ± 4.8 | 0.105 | 0.96 [0.89; 1.03] | 0.218 |
Type of ACS | ||||||||||
STEMI | 10 (66.7%) | 75 (49.2%) | 0.372 | Reference | 17 (41.5%) | 63 (51.2%) | 0.537 | Reference | ||
NSTEMI | 5 (33.3%) | 72 (47.1%) | 0.54 [0.18; 1.58] | 0.260 | 22 (53.7%) | 56 (45.5%) | 1.31 [0.70; 2.46] | 0.405 | ||
UA | 0 (0.0%) | 6 (3.9%) | NA* | 0.992 | 2 (4.9%) | 4 (3.3%) | 1.28 [0.30; 5.54] | 0.741 | ||
Coronary angiography | ||||||||||
I. no significant lesions | 2 (13.3%) | 6 (4.0%) | 0.224 | Reference | 0 (0.0%) | 7 (5.7%) | 0.061 | Reference
(I and II) |
||
II. single-vessel disease | 2 (13.3%) | 34 (22.5%) | 0.18 [0.02; 1.28] | 0.087 | 5 (12.5%) | 30 (24.6%) | Reference
(I and II) |
|||
III. multi-vessel disease | 11 (73.3%) | 111 (73.5%) | 0.29 [0.06; 1.32] | 0.110 | 35 (87.5%) | 85 (69.7%) | 2.62 [1.02; 6.68] | 0.044 | ||
Treatment | ||||||||||
Conservative therapy | 5 (33.3%) | 27 (17.6%) | 0.246 | Reference | 8 (19.5%) | 22 (17.9%) | 0.610 | Reference | ||
PCI | 10 (66.7%) | 117 (76.5%) | 0.49 [0.17; 1.43] | 0.193 | 32 (78.1%) | 93 (75.6%) | 1.16 [0.53; 2.52] | 0.707 | ||
CABG | 0 (0%) | 9 (5.9%) | NA* | 0.991 | 1 (2.4%) | 8 (6.5%) | 0.43 [0.05; 3.44] | 0.427 | ||
Treatment | ||||||||||
Conservative therapy | 5 (33.3%) | 27 (17.7%) | 0.166 | Reference | 8 (19.5%) | 22 (17.9%) | 0.816 | Reference | ||
PCI or CABG | 10 (66.7%) | 126 (82.3%) | 0.46 [0.16; 1.33] | 0.152 | 33 (80.5%) | 101 (82.1%) | 1.10 [0.51; 2.39] | 0.804 | ||
Hypertension | 11 (73.3%) | 129 (84.3%) | 0.281 | 0.55 [0.17; 1.72] | 0.304 | 37 (90.2%) | 101 (82.1%) | 0.217 | 1.84 [0.66; 5.18] | 0.245 |
Diabetes mellitus | 5 (33.3%) | 54 (35.3%) | 0.879 | 0.92 [0.31; 2.69] | 0.877 | 19 (46.3%) | 40 (32.5%) | 0.110 | 1.64 [0.89; 3.02] | 0.116 |
Previous MI | 2 (13.3%) | 41 (26.8%) | 0.359 | 0.43 [0.10; 1.89] | 0.263 | 16 (39.0%) | 29 (23.6%) | 0.055 | 1.78 [0.95; 3.33] | 0.073 |
Previous PCI | 2 (13.3%) | 41 (26.8%) | 0.359 | 0.44 [0.10; 1.93] | 0.275 | 15 (36.6%) | 29 (23.6%) | 0.103 | 1.68 [0.89; 3.17] | 0.111 |
Previous CABG | 1 (6.7%) | 17 (11.1%) | 1.000 | 0.65 [0.09; 4.96] | 0.680 | 3 (7.3%) | 15 (12.2%) | 0.566 | 0.72 [0.22; 2.34] | 0.587 |
CHF with EF ≥ 50% | 2 (13.3%) | 10 (6.5%) | 0.291 | 2.12 [0.48; 9.40] | 0.322 | 9 (21.9%) | 3 (2.4%) | < 0.001 | 4.59 [2.17; 9.74] | < 0.001 |
CHF with EF < 50% | 1 (6.7%) | 11 (7.2%) | 1.000 | 0.94 [0.12; 7.15] | 0.953 | 6 (14.6%) | 6 (4.9%) | 0.075 | 2.36 [0.99; 5.62] | 0.052 |
Previous AF | 5 (33.3%) | 26 (17.0%) | 0.157 | 2.23 [0.76; 6.55] | 0.142 | 14 (34.1%) | 17 (13.8%) | 0.004 | 2.30 [1.21; 4.40] | 0.011 |
Previous CKD | 7 (46.7%) | 39 (25.5%) | 0.125 | 2.42 [0.88; 6.66] | 0.088 | 18 (43.9%) | 27 (21.9%) | 0.006 | 2.31 [1.25; 4.30] | 0.008 |
COPD | 2 (13.3%) | 15 (9.8%) | 0.651 | 1.41 [0.32; 6.23] | 0.654 | 6 (14.6%) | 12 (9.8%) | 0.395 | 1.33 [0.56; 3.16] | 0.524 |
Peripheral artery
disease |
2 (13.3%) | 18 (11.8%) | 0.694 | 1.18 [0.27; 5.23] | 0.828 | 7 (17.1%) | 14 (11.4%) | 0.345 | 1.59 [0.70; 3.58] | 0.267 |
Previous stroke/TIA | 3 (20.0%) | 18 (11.8%) | 0.406 | 1.81 [0.51; 6.41] | 0.395 | 8 (19.5%) | 11 (8.9%) | 0.089 | 2.06 [0.95; 4.46] | 0.067 |
Malignant disease | 5 (33.3%) | 18 (11.8%) | 0.036 | 3.38 [1.15; 9.89] | 0.026 | 6 (14.6%) | 15 (12.2%) | 0.686 | 1.37 [0.58; 3.27] | 0.475 |
Hypercholesterolemia or hyperlipidemia | 6 (40.0%) | 119 (77.8%) | 0.003 | 0.21 [0.08; 0.60] | 0.003 | 33 (80.5%) | 92 (74.8%) | 0.458 | 1.52 [0.70; 3.30] | 0.292 |
Hgb on admission to hospital, g/dL | 11.6 ± 1.4 | 13.3 ± 1.8 | < 0.001 | 0.69 [0.56; 0.85] | < 0.001 | 12.8 ± 2.1 | 13.5 ± 1.7 | 0.020 | 0.84 [0.73; 0.97] | 0.021 |
EF assessed during hospitalization, % | 39.1 ± 13.2 | 48.5 ± 12.3 | 0.006 | 0.95 [0.91; 0.99] | 0.008 | 42.3 ± 13.8 | 49.6 ± 11.4 | < 0.001 | 0.96 [0.94; 0.99] | 0.002 |