Table 2.

Differences in proportions of patients with COPD treated with each therapy and total costs according to current clinical practice, NICE guidance [NG115] and GOLD 2020 strategy

Therapy	High exacerbation history and current high symptoms	High exacerbation history and current low symptoms	Low exacerbation history and current high symptoms	Low exacerbation history and current low symptoms
Current clinical practice
LAMA, %	0.47	0.60	4.26	8.97
LABA, %	0.02	0.09	0.39	0.93
LAMA/LABA, %	0.82	0.63	5.75	5.09
LABA/ICS, %	0.84	1.17	4.33	10.03
LAMA/LABA/ICS, %	9.48	4.43	23.51	18.18
Treatment according to NICE guidance [NG115]
LAMA, %	0	0	0	8.97
LABA, %	0	0	0	0.93
LAMA/LABA, %	1.31	1.32	30.33	24.90
LABA/ICS, %	0.84	1.16	1.23	2.99
LAMA/LABA/ICS, %	9.48	4.43	6.67	5.42
Total savings vs current treatment	£46.9 million (8%)
Treatment according to GOLD 2020 strategy
LAMA, %	0	0	0	8.97
LABA, %	0	0	0	7.97
LAMA/LABA, %	1.31	1.32	30.33	17.85
LABA/ICS, %	0.66	0.87	0	2.99
LAMA/LABA/ICS, %	9.66	4.72	7.90	5.42
Total savings vs current treatment	£43.7 million (8%)

COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; GOLD, Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease; ICS, inhaled cortcosteroid; LABA, long-acting β₂ agonist; LAMA, long-acting muscarinic antagonist; NICE, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence.