Table 1.

Real-time models found in the literature using the search keywords: real-time, animal science, nutrition, and modeling

Author	Aim	Target	Type	Response
Hauschild et al. (2012, 2020); Remus et al. (2020c)	Provide daily tailored diets to individuals	Growing pigs	Gray box (empirical [data-driven] and mechanistic)	Diet composition to sustain observed growth
Peña Fernández et al. (2019)	Predict in real-time the indoor particle sizes concentration	Poultry	Data-based mechanistic	Predicted indoor particle sizes concentration
Parsons et al. (2007)	Integrated control of pig growth and pollutant emissions	Growing pigs	Data-based mechanistic	Predicted growth response based on diet intake
Stacey et al. (2004)	Control of broiler growth and nutrition	Broiler	Semi-mechanistic	Predicted growth response based on diet intake and control nutrient intake
Fu et al. (2020)	Predict diet energy digestion	Dairy cows	Kernel extreme learning machine	Predicted digestible energy and energy digestibility
Kashiha et al. (2013)	Report malfunctioning in a broiler house to the farmer in real time	Broiler	Empirical (data-driven)	Prediction of the distribution index of broilers
Gauthier et al. (2019); Gaillard et al. (2020b)	Provide daily tailored diets to individuals	Sows	Gray box (empirical [data-driven] and mechanistic)	Diet composition to sustain fetus development and milk production