Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants stratified by the quartile of the METS‐IR.
| Total population | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 6043 | 1510 | 1509 | 1513 | 1511 | |
| Age, years | 58.43 ± 13.08 | 59.45 ± 14.12 | 59.17 ± 13.30 | 58.68 ± 13.02 | 56.42 ± 11.55 | <0.001 |
| Sex, male, n (%) | 2790 (46.2) | 542 (35.9) | 753 (49.9) | 756 (50.0) | 739 (48.9) | <0.001 |
| Race, n (%) | <0.001 | |||||
| Non-Hispanic white | 3074 (50.9) | 886 (58.7) | 804 (53.3) | 728 (48.2) | 656 (43.4) | |
| Non-Hispanic black | 1296 (21.4) | 320 (21.2) | 319 (21.1) | 331 (21.9) | 326 (21.6) | |
| Mexican-American | 1416 (23.4) | 234 (15.5) | 319 (21.1) | 386 (25.5) | 477 (31.6) | |
| Others | 257 (4.3) | 70 (4.6) | 67 (4.4) | 68 (4.5) | 52 (3.4) | |
| Smoking, n (%) | 3280 (54.3) | 833 (55.2) | 832 (55.1) | 823 (54.4) | 792 (52.4) | 0.384 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 599 (9.9) | 60 (4.0) | 99 (6.6) | 153 (10.1) | 287 (19.0) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 1939 (32.2) | 305 (20.3) | 434 (28.9) | 532 (35.3) | 668 (44.3) | <0.001 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 27.61± 5.46 | 22.08 ± 2.19 | 25.73 ± 2.04 | 28.60 ± 2.49 | 34.01 ± 5.29 | <0.001 |
| SBP, mmHg | 131.05 ± 18.96 | 127.74 ± 20.19 | 130.16 ± 19.01 | 132.71 ± 18.63 | 133.60 ± 17.35 | <0.001 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 127.0 (90.0, 183.0) | 88 (69.0, 115.0) | 118.0 (89.0, 156.0) | 146.0 (107.0, 198.0) | 185.5 (131.0, 269.0) | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 217.54 ± 42.94 | 211.96 ± 41.11 | 218.89 ± 42.09 | 220.05 ± 42.66 | 219.26 ± 45.34 | <0.001 |
| LDL−C, mg/dL | 136.35 ± 38.30 | 125.86 ± 38.43 | 140.12 ± 37.11 | 142.05 ± 37.25 | 137.64 ± 38.34 | <0.001 |
| HDL−C, mg/dL | 51.52 ± 16.46 | 65.36 ± 18.03 | 53.13 ± 13.05 | 46.94 ± 11.64 | 40.68 ± 10.99 | <0.001 |
| Fibrinogen, mg/dL | 309.36 ± 84.91 | 297.86 ± 79.88 | 305.45 ± 86.98 | 312.81 ± 83.41 | 321.13 ± 87.41 | <0.001 |
| C-reactive protein, mg/dL | 0.21 (0.21, 0.50) | 0.21 (0.21, 0.21) | 0.21 (0.21, 0.33) | 0.21 (0.21, 0.53) | 0.33 (0.21, 0.77) | <0.001 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 1.09 ± 0.32 | 1.05 ± 0.27 | 1.11 ± 0.39 | 1.10 ± 0.37 | 1.11 ± 0.37 | <0.001 |
| Uric acid, mg/dL | 5.39 ± 1.45 | 4.75 ± 1.32 | 5.26 ± 1.36 | 5.60 ± 1.37 | 5.95 ± 1.48 | <0.001 |
| BUN, mg/dL | 15.17 ± 5.55 | 14.86 ± 5.85 | 15.23 ± 5.40 | 15.22 ± 5.22 | 15.37 ± 5.68 | 0.073 |
| FPG, mg/dL | 95.0 (88.0, 105.0) | 90.0 (85.0, 97.0) | 94.0 (87.0, 102.0) | 97.0 (90.0, 107.0) | 101.0 (92.0, 120.0) | <0.001 |
| HbA1c, % | 5.74 ± 1.22 | 5.36 ± 0.63 | 5.55 ± 0.90 | 5.80 ± 1.28 | 6.25 ± 1.64 | <0.001 |
| METS-IR | 42.00 ± 10.69 | 30.03 ± 3.07 | 37.58 ± 1.80 | 44.07 ± 2.04 | 56.32 ± 8.28 | <0.001 |
| CIIS | 2.2 (0, 8.8) | 2.5 (0, 8.7) | 2.0 (0, 8.0) | 1.5 (0, 7.9) | 3.1 (0, 10.3) | <0.001 |
| SC-MI, n (%) | 1302 (21.5) | 311 (20.6) | 311 (20.6) | 284 (18.8) | 396 (26.3) | <0.001 |
Data are expressed as mean ± SD, median (first quartile, third quartile), or n (%). METS-IR, metabolic score for insulin resistance; SBP, systolic blood pressure; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c hemoglobin A1c; CIIS, cardiac infarction/injury score; SC-MI, subclinical myocardial injury.