Table 7.
Results from the Recursive Bivariate Probit by gender – Baseline Model for Deepening depressed Mood.
| Males |
Females |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Disruption of parent-child relationship | Deepening depressed Mood | Disruption of parent-child relationship | Deepening depressed Mood | |
| Variables | Marginal effects | Marginal effects | Marginal effects | Marginal effects |
| Disruption of parent-child contacts | – | 0.196 *** | – | 0.149 ** |
| (0.076) | (0.066) | |||
| Demographics | ||||
| Age | -0.003 * ** | 0.001 | -0.005 *** | 0.001 |
| (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | |
| Married | -0.027 * | -0.022 ** | 0.005 | -0.010 |
| (0.014) | (0.009) | (0.011) | (0.008) | |
| SES and Education | ||||
| Medium education level | -0.008 | -0.028 *** | 0.008 | 0.019 * |
| (0.015) | (0.010) | (0.013) | (0.010) | |
| High education level | 0.012 | -0.018 | 0.057 *** | 0.028 ** |
| (0.017) | (0.011) | (0.016) | (0.013) | |
| Retired | 0.050 ** | -0.017 | 0.027 | -0.003 |
| (0.023) | (0.016) | (0.016) | (0.013) | |
| Ends not meeting | -0.005 | 0.053 *** | -0.001 | 0.053 *** |
| (0.016) | (0.010) | (0.013) | (0.010) | |
| Health | ||||
| # chronic conditions | 0.006 | 0.012 *** | 0.001 | 0.017 *** |
| (0.004) | (0.002) | (0.003) | (0.002) | |
| # mobility limitations | 0.004 | 0.009 *** | 0.001 | 0.010 *** |
| (0.003) | (0.002) | (0.002) | (0.002) | |
| Cognitive Impairments | ||||
| episodic memory score | -0.003 * | -0.001 | 0.001 | -0.003 ** |
| (0.002) | (0.001) | (0.001) | (0.001) | |
| Covid-19 | ||||
| directly affected Covid-19 | -0.006 | 0.086 *** | 0.080 * | 0.028 |
| (0.046) | (0.026) | (0.044) | (0.033) | |
| other people with Covid 19 | 0.076 | 0.065 ** | -0.072 | -0.001 |
| (0.056) | (0.032) | (0.056) | (0.042) | |
| Physical distance | 0.054 ** | -0.020 | 0.094 *** | 0.070 * ** |
| (0.024) | (0.016) | (0.025) | (0.002) | |
| Contacts with others | ||||
| any contact with others | -0.052 *** | 0.003 | -0.060 *** | 0.001 |
| (0.013) | (0.009) | (0.011) | (0.009) | |
| Instruments | ||||
| Non-cohabitation | 0.145 *** | – | 0.160 *** | – |
| (0.020) | (0.024) | |||
| Duration of stay-at-home restrictions (in weeks) | 0.015 ** | – | 0.016 *** | – |
| (0.006) | (0.005) | |||
| (0.006) | (0.004) | |||
| Internet use | 0.057 *** | – | 0.052 *** | – |
| (0.014) | (0.012) | |||
| Country dummies | yes | yes | yes | yes |
| Rho | -0.586 *** | -0.318 * | ||
| N. obs | 6942 | 6942 | 8566 | 8566 |
N.B: Sample Selection: Males and females aged 65 + from Wave 8 and SHARE-Covid19 Survey. Significance level: * p value < 0.1; ** p value < 0.05; * ** p value < 0.01.