TABLE 1.
Characteristics of the kinds of drinking water used in the study.
Characteristics | SCMmw | BSMmw | BCmw | BCPMmw | lmw | Tap water |
Bicarbonate (mg/L) | 268 | 1,908 | 1,010 | 2,400 | 11 | 398 |
Sulphate (mg/L) | 1,590 | 445 | 61 | – | – | 16.7 |
Magnesium (mg/L) | 101 | 394 | 16.5 | 61.3 | – | 18.9 |
Calcium (mg/L) | 580 | 48 | 323 | 212.2 | 3.3 | 104 |
Potassium (mg/L) | – | 16.1 | 3.85 | 83.4 | – | 0.98 |
Sodium (mg/L) | 14 | 160 | 19.6 | – | 1.5 | 4.1 |
Chlorides (mg/L) | – | 46 | 18.5 | – | – | 6.4 |
Nitrates (mg/L) | <0.5 | 0.6 | 0.9 | – | 0.88 | 2.99 |
Fluoride (mg/L) | – | 0.19 | 0.3 | – | <0.10 | 0.12 |
pH | 7.2 | 6.3 | 6.2 | 6.6 | 6.8 | 7.5 |
Electrical conductivity at 20°C (μS/cm) | 2,300 | 2,760 | 1,325 | 4,060 | 25.5 | 571 |
Fixed residue at 180°C (mg/L) | 2,470 | 2,128 | 987 | 3,002.3 | 22 | 408 |
SCMmw, sulphate-, calcium-, and magnesium-rich mineral water; BSMmw, bicarbonate-, sulphate-, and magnesium-rich mineral water; BCmw, bicarbonate- and calcium-rich mineral water; BCPMmw, bicarbonate-, calcium-, potassium-, and magnesium-rich mineral water; lmw, light mineral water; tap water, drinking water distributed by the ACEA Group in Rome.