Table 2.
Individual and aggregated characteristics of study participants and ICU patients
| Among participants screened at admissions | Interventional period | Control period | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| n = 147 patientsa | N = 86 patientsa | ||
| Patients at a high risk (%) | 30 (20.4%) | 29 (33.7%) | 0.04 |
| Median length of stay (days, IQR) | 2.8 (1.5–5.6) | 2.8 (1.7–7.1) | 0.67 |
| nEcESBL-PE carriers | 10 (6.8%) | 8 (9.3%) | 0.68 |
| CPO carriers | 1 (0.7%) | 3 (3.5%) | 0.14 |
| CPE carriers | 1 (0.7%) | 3 (3.5%) | 0.14 |
| Preemptive contact precautions prescribed | 115 (78.2%) | 70 (81.4%) | 0.45 |
| Among all participants screened weekly | n = 589 patientsb | n = 313 patientsb | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median length of stay (days, IQR)c | 6.9 (2.9–12.6) | 6.9 (3.8–15.1) | 0.06 |
| nEcESBL-PE carriers | 19 (3.2%) | 16 (5.1%) | 0.22 |
| CPO carriers | 4 (0.7%) | 8 (2.6%) | 0.03 |
| CPE carriers | 3 (0.5%) | 3 (1.0%) | 0.42 |
| Newly detected carriers | 13 (2.2%) | 10 (3.2%) | 0.52 |
| Contact precautions implemented at the time of detection among newly detected carriers | 1/13 (7.7%) | 6/10 (60%) | 0.02 |
| Colonization pressure (incidence density) | n = 8884 patient-days | n = 3772 patients-days | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| ESBL-PE (cases per 1000 patient-days) | 15.3 [95% CI 12.8–18.1] | 19.1 [95% CI 14.9–24.0] | 0.13 |
| CPO (cases per 1000 patient-days) | 0.7 [95% CI 0.2–1.5] | 2.9 [95% CI 1.5–5.2] | 0.05 |
| CPE (cases per 1000 patient-days) | 0.4 [95% CI 0.1–1.1] | 1.6 [95% CI 0.6–3.5] | 0.22 |
| Antibiotic consumption (ATC JC01) | n = 8884 patient-days | n = 3772 patients-days | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aminoglycoside (median DDD/1000 patient-days) | 19.2 [95% CI 8.2–26.8] | 22.5 [95% CI 18.3–29.5] | 0.44 |
| Carbapenems (median DDD/1000 patient-days) | 97.0 [95% CI 66.9–129.0] | 126.0 [95% CI 104.0–133.0] | 0.18 |
| Piperacillin and beta-lactamase inhibitor (median DDD/1000 patient-days) | 145.0 [95% CI 128.0–168.0] | 114.0 [95% CI 96.1–128.0] | 0.03 |
| Hand hygiene compliance among healthcare workers | Hand hygiene opportunities = 474 | Hand hygiene opportunities = 360 | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pooled mean of hand hygiene compliance | 59.7 [95% CI 55.3–64.1] | 61.1 [95% CI 56.1–66.1] | 0.73 |
aTwo patients screened at admission were readmitted during the control phase.
bSix patients stayed both in the interventional and control phase.
cInformation available for 151 and 312 patients in the interventional and control period.