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. 2022 May 24;13:892213. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.892213

Table 3.

Steroid concentrations determined by GC/MS/MS in the preovulatory follicular fluid of ewes according to their metabolic status and dietary exposure to BPS.

Steroids POOL SAMPLES
Mean concentration (ng/mL) ± SEM p-value
R0 R50 WF0 WF50 Diet effect BPS effect Diet x BPS effect
Precursors    
PREG 194.800 ± 61.869 103.200 ± 28.385 124.467 ± 24.461 153.460 ± 7.076 0.76 0.37 0.072
20α-DHPREG < 0.050 < 0.050 < 0.050 < 0.050 NA NA NA
17α-OH PREG 38.417 ± 9.359 a 20.597 ± 4.952 ab 11.145 ± 5.073 b 23.330 ± 5.057 ab 0.07 0.65 0.028
Progestogens (C21)    
Progesterone 13.550 ± 3.580 ab 8.517 ± 1.763 a 20.013 ± 6.793 ab 14.398 ± 1.632 b 0.25 0.34 0.99
5α-DHP 7.950 ± 1.748 8.590 ± 2.758 12.310 ± 4.412 11.302 ± 2.827 0.35 0.94 0.81
5β-DHP 0.177 ± 0.125 0.178 ± 0.132 0.113 ± 0.084 0.171 ± 0.088 0.75 0.64 0.73
20α-DHP 2.677 ± 0.737 1.315 ± 0.397 2.977 ± 0.794 2.526 ± 0.245 0.28 0.17 0.51
3α5α-THP 6.902 ± 1.000 5.052 ± 2.015 5.263 ± 1.096 3.732 ± 1.770 0.33 0.27 0.96
3α5β-THP 1.222 ± 0.738 1.105 ± 0.389 1.568 ± 0.575 1.046 ± 0.444 0.80 0.59 0.75
3β5α-THP 0.294 ± 0.098 0.574 ± 0.410 0.747 ± 0.448 1.053 ± 0.875 0.48 0.64 0.99
3α5α20α-HHP < 0.010 < 0.010 < 0.010 < 0.010 NA NA NA
3α5β20α-HHP 0.131 ± 0.043 a 0.111 ± 0.051 ab 0.086 ± 0.008 ab 0.048 ± 0.024 b 0.11 0.38 0.75
3α5β20β-HHP < 0.200 < 0.200 < 0.200 < 0.200 NA NA NA
3β5α20β-HHP 0.684 ± 0.307 1.723 ± 1.247 1.181 ± 0.838 2.867 ± 2.744 0.77 0.52 0.88
3β5α20α-HHP 0.165 ± 0.078 0.609 ± 0.377 0.531 ± 0.340 0.466 ± 0.336 0.76 0.63 0.43
17α-OHP 37.185 ± 7.076 a 22.625 ± 4.275 b 27.062 ± 6.900 ab 26.688 ± 2.748 ab 0.62 0.22 0.24
16α-OHP 11.582 ± 3.468 ab 11.390 ± 1.994 a 6.346 ± 1.204 b 7.668 ± 1.463 ab 0.040 0.80 0.71
Androgens (C19)    
Testosterone 5.800 ± 1.783 a 5.897 ± 1.628 a 1.690 ± 0.689 b 3.658 ± 1.010 ab 0.060 0.52 0.54
5α-DHT 0.200 ± 0.056 a 0.053 ± 0.016 b 0.076 ± 0.016 b 0.084 ± 0.008 b 0.08 0.004 0.001
5β-DHT 0.239 ± 0.114 a 1.150 ± 0.298 b 0.855 ± 0.308 ab 0.707 ± 0.164 b 0.76 0.16 0.057
DHEA 3.760 ± 1.157 3.265 ± 0.261 1.247 ± 0.802 2.422 ± 0.959 0.08 0.72 0.37
ADIOL 2.335 ± 0.436 a 2.070 ± 0.426 a 0.465 ± 0.265 b 1.838 ± 0.826 ab 0.07 0.33 0.15
ADIONE 4.027 ± 1.068 3.787 ± 0.989 2.323 ± 1.049 3.202 ± 1.505 0.37 0.77 0.64
5α-DHADIONE 0.154 ± 0.107 0.106 ± 0.026 0.083 ± 0.023 0.101 ± 0.013 0.55 0.88 0.65
Estrogens (C18)    
Estradiol 92.270 ± 7.836 a 76.205 ± 12.855 a 36.427 ± 11.181 b 100.340 ± 24.113 a 0.34 0.16 0.020
E1 40.110 ± 5.168 a 46.685 ± 14.805 a 18.360 ± 6.138 b 44.520 ± 11.877 ab 0.21 0.10 0.39
E3 0.410 ± 0.077 ab 0.445 ± 0.032 a 0.300 ± 0.061 b 0.356 ± 0.090 ab 0.19 0.55 0.88
2-ME2 0.095 ± 0.033 0.171 ± 0.039 0.097 ± 0.048 0.088 ± 0.043 0.36 0.46 0.37
2-OH-E2 9.242 ± 2.515 10.730 ± 0.782 4.630 ± 2.183 6.924 ± 3.109 0.10 0.46 0.88
Corticoids (C21)    
Glucocorticoids    
Cortisol (F) < 2.000 < 2.000 < 2.000 < 2.000 NA NA NA
Cortisone < 2.000 < 2.000 < 2.000 < 2.000 NA NA NA
11-deoxyF < 2.000 < 2.000 < 2.000 < 2.000 NA NA NA
3α5β-THF < 2.000 < 2.000 < 2.000 < 2.000 NA NA NA
Mineralocorticoids    
Corticosterone (B) 0.842 ± 0.200 0.805 ± 0.158 0.662 ± 0.136 0.650 ± 0.348 0.5 0.92 0.99
11-dehydroB 1.050 ± 0.313 a 0.250 ± 0.161 b 0.822 ± 0.383 ab 0.247 ± 0.124 b 0.76 0.027 0.69
3α5α-THDOC 0.036 ± 0.016 ab 0.022 ± 0.014 a 0.070 ± 0.018 ab 0.088 ± 0.016 b 0.013 0.88 0.36

Ewes were either restricted (R groups) or well-fed (WF groups) and received BPS 0 or 50 µg/kg/day, for at least three months before the start of plasma/fluid collection. Thus, four groups were formed: R0 (n = 4), R50 (n = 4), WF0 (n = 6) and WF50 (n = 5). Results are presented as mean (ng/mL) ± SEM. Tukey post-tests are indicated by superscript letters, different letters indicating significantly different conditions (p < 0.05). Two-way ANOVA p-values are presented for the effects of diet, dietary exposure to BPS and the interaction of these effects. Bold text indicates significant differences (p < 0.05). See Table 1 for the steroid abbreviations. NA, not available.