. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Jun 7.

Published in final edited form as: Obstet Gynecol. 2019 Sep;134(3):573–580. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000003404

Table 3.

Unadjusted and Adjusted Association between method of contraception and vaginal candidiasis

Contraceptive method (time-varying)	Non-Candidiasis intervals (%)	Candidiasis intervals (%)	cHR (95% CI)	aHR^# (95% CI)
Non-hormonal^‡	4794 (76%)	1255 (82%)	Ref	Ref
DMPA	574 (9%)	101 (7%)	0.72 ^*(0.54-0.96)	0.75^* (0.57-1.00)
Implant	38 (1&)	9 (1%)	0.96 (0.54-1.71)	---
OCPs	880 (14%)	164 (11%)	0.77 ^*(0.63-0.94)	0.79^* (0.65-0.97)

Ref: reference; OCP: oral contraceptive pill; DMPA: Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate; cHR: crude hazard ratio; aHR: adjusted hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval

Adjusting for couple women's status, age, number of previous pregnancies, and breast feeding

^‡

no method, condoms, permanent (excludes copper intrauterine devices)

p-value<0.05

Number of events in Implant group too few to allow for adjusted estimates.