FIGURE 3.

Long-term effects on brain connectivity. (A) Fractional anisotropy (FA) of DTI-based water diffusivity suggests the changes of average microstructural integrity in multiple areas of the cerebral cortex. (R), the right area; (L), the left area; n_xScenIso = 4; n_ParObsIso = 4. (B) DTI-based mean water diffusivity (MD) suggests the changes of membrane density in multiple areas of the entorhinal cortex-hippocampus system and the straitening of structural hemispheric specializations in the amygdala-insular cortex system. (C) DTI-based axial water diffusivity (AD) suggests the changes of neurite organization in multiple areas of the cerebral cortex and white matter mainly in the right hemisphere. (D) DTI-based radial water diffusivity (RD) suggests the changes of myelination in multiple areas of the cerebral cortex in the right hemisphere and the white matter in the left hemisphere. (E) DTI-based network-wise fiber tracking reveals specific chronic changes of structural connectivity in the brain. (F) Trauma-induced structural changes of the underlying brain connectome revealed a network enhancement centered at the anterior cingulate cortex. *, 0.01 ≤ p < 0.05; ^**, 0.001 ≤ p < 0.01.