TABLE 2.
Factors associated with poor catch-up in linear growth status at 6 months among low birthweight small-for-gestational-age (SGA-LBW) infants.
| Variables | Unadjusted RR (95% CI) | Adjusted1,4 RR (95% CI) | P-value (adjusted) |
| Sociodemographic factors | |||
| Maternal age, year | |||
| ≤20 | Reference | Reference | |
| 21–29 | 1.03 (0.95, 1.13) | 0.98 (0.88, 1.08) | 0.644 |
| ≥30 | 1.31 (1.15, 1.50) | 1.04 (0.89, 1.22) | 0.609 |
| Maternal education | |||
| Educated | Reference | Reference | |
| Not educated | 1.30 (1.21, 1.39) | 1.06 (0.97, 1.15) | 0.191 |
| Wealth quintile | |||
| Poorest | Reference | Reference | |
| Very poor | 0.91 (0.82, 0.99) | 0.95 (0.86, 1.06) | 0.361 |
| Poor | 0.84 (0.76, 0.93) | 0.94 (0.84, 1.05) | 0.254 |
| Less poor | 0.75 (0.67, 0.84) | 0.86 (0.76, 0.97) | 0.018 |
| Least poor | 0.60 (0.53, 0.68) | 0.74 (0.64, 0.86) | 0.000 |
| Social category with reservations2 | |||
| SC/ST | Reference | Reference | |
| OBC | 1.05 (0.98, 1.14) | 1.04 (0.96, 1.12) | 0.337 |
| Unreserved | 0.71 (0.63, 0.79) | 0.82 (0.73, 0.93) | 0.002 |
| Birth-related factors | |||
| Birth order | |||
| 1 | Reference | Reference | |
| 2–4 | 1.22 (1.13, 1.32) | 1.15 (1.05, 1.27) | 0.002 |
| >4 | 1.53 (1.36, 1.72) | 1.26 (1.09, 1.47) | 0.002 |
| Place of birth | |||
| Home | Reference | Reference | |
| Hospital | 0.78 (0.72, 0.84) | 0.88 (0.81, 0.96) | 0.006 |
| Infant factors | |||
| Sex | |||
| Male | Reference | Reference | |
| Female | 0.90 (0.84, 0.97) | 0.89 (0.83, 0.96) | 0.001 |
| Gestational age category | |||
| Term ≥37 weeks | Reference | Reference | |
| Preterm <37 weeks | 0.84 (0.78, 0.92) | 0.82 (0.75, 0.89) | 0.000 |
| Exclusively breastfed at 3 months | |||
| No | Reference | Reference | |
| Yes | 0.90 (0.84, 0.97) | 0.89 (0.83, 0.96) | 0.004 |
| Hospitalization at 6 months | |||
| No | Reference | Reference | |
| Yes | 1.12 (0.98, 1.26) | 1.06 (0.94, 1.20) | 0.329 |
| H/O diarrhea3 | |||
| No | Reference | Reference | |
| Yes | 1.04 (0.96, 1.13) | 1.03 (0.95, 1.11) | 0.485 |
| H/O pneumonia3 | |||
| No | Reference | Reference | |
| Yes | 1.35 (1.16, 1.57) | 1.24 (1.07, 1.43) | 0.004 |
| Study group | |||
| Control | Reference | Reference | |
| Intervention | 1.00 (0.93, 1.08) | 1.01 (0.94, 1.09) | 0.684 |
1Adjusted estimates are based on multivariable regression (predictor model). We have also adjusted for the intervention and accounted for any household clustering.
2OBC (other backward class)—term used by the GOI to classify socially and educationally disadvantaged category of population, SC/ST (schedule caste/schedule tribe)—historically disadvantaged indigenous people as identified by the Government of India.
3Based on history obtained (H/O) at 3 and 6 months visits (for last 14 days).
4Akaike’s information criteria (AIC) = 1.60, Bayesian information criteria (BIC) = −25705.1.