Table 3.
Features of K. pneumoniae-LRTI compared with non-KP-LRTI in infants
| All LRTIn (%) | KP-LRTIn (%) | Non-KP-LRTIn (%) | OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | 439 (100) | 68 (15.5) | 371 (84.5) | |
| Median (IQR) age at LRTI | 4.6 (2.7-7.5) | 3.7 (2.1–5.9) | 4.7 (2.8–7.9) | 0.87 (0.79–0.95) |
| Preterm | 107 (24.4) | 32 (47.1) | 75 (20.2) | 3.54 (1.95–6.41) |
| Median (IQR) gestational age at birth | 39 (37–40) | 37 (33–39) | 39 (37–40) | 0.98 (0.97–0.99) |
| Weight-for-age z score at LRTI | –0.2 (-1.3–0.9) | –0.6 (-2.9–0.2) | –0.0 (-1.2–1.0) | 0.75 (0.64–0.87) |
| HIV-exposed | 133 (30.3) | 36 (52.9) | 97 (26.2) | 3.01 (1.70–5.36) |
| Season of LRTI | ||||
| Summer (Dec–Feb) | 70 (16.0) | 14 (20.6) | 56 (15.1) | reference |
| Autumn (Mar–May) | 117 (26.7) | 22 (32.4) | 95 (25.6) | 0.89 (0.43–1.82) |
| Winter (Jun–Aug) | 121 (27.6) | 16 (23.5) | 105 (28.3) | 0.55 (0.26–1.16) |
| Spring (Sep–Nov) | 131 (29.8) | 16 (23.5) | 115 (31.0) | 0.54 (0.25–1.14) |
| Symptoms | ||||
| Fever1 | 271 (62.9) | 44 (67.7) | 227 (62.0) | 1.19 (0.69–2∙07) |
| Cough | 418 (95.2) | 59 (86.8) | 359 (96.8) | 0.22 (0.09–0.53) |
| Rhinorrhoea | 224 (51.0) | 17 (25.0) | 207 (55.8) | 0.28 (0.16–0.51) |
| Vomiting2 | 51 (12.0) | 5 (7.8) | 46 (12.8) | 0.60 (0.24–1.51) |
| Diarrhoea3 | 51 (12.0) | 7 (11.1) | 44 (12.2) | 0.97 (0.43–2.19) |
| Clinical signs | ||||
| Median (IQR) Heart rate | 143 (134–163) | 141 (133–164) | 144 (134–163) | 0.99 (0.98–1.01) |
| Median (IQR) Respiratory rate | 58 (52–63) | 60 (52–68) | 57 (52–62) | 1.02 (0.99–1.05) |
| Lower chest wall indrawing | 325 (74.2) | 56 (82.4) | 269 (72.7) | 1.69 (0.87–3.28) |
| Chest auscultation abnormal4 | 245 (57.0) | 34 (50.8) | 211 (58.1) | 0.74 (0.44–1.24) |
| Wheezing | 162 (36.9) | 23 (33.8) | 139 (37.5) | 0.89 (0.52–1.52) |
| Median (IQR) O2 saturation at LRTI | 97 (95–98) | 97 (94–98) | 97 (95–98) | 0.98 (0.94–1.02) |
| Hospitalized | 114 (26.0) | 18 (26.5) | 96 (25.9) | 1.00 (0.56–1.78) |
LRTI = lower respiratory tract infection; OR = odds ratio for comparison of KP-LRTI vs non-KP-LRTI; 95% CI = 95% confidence interval KP = Klebsiella pneumoniae; HIV = human immunodeficiency virus; IQR= interquatile range
1 8 participants missing response (3 from KP-LRTI group, 5 from non-KP-LRTI group)
2 15 participants missing response (4 from KP-LRTI group, 11 from non-KP-LRTI group)
3 15 participants missing response (5 from KP-LRTI group, 10 from non-KP-LRTI group)
4 9 participants missing response (1 from KP-LRTI group, 8 from non-KP-LRTI group)
Bolded values indicate significant results