Table 1.
IKKα expression, associations with clinicopathological characteristics and the tumour microenvironment in patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer.
| All n = 695 | Low cytoplasmic IKKα expression n = 550 | High cytoplasmic IKKα expression n = 145 | p | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Host characteristics | |||||
| Age (n = 695) | <65 | 214 (31) | 176 (32) | 38 (25) | 0.115 |
| >65 | 481 (69) | 370 (68) | 111 (75) | ||
| Sex (n = 695) | Female | 343 (49) | 269 (49) | 74 (50) | 0.932 |
| Male | 352 (51) | 277 (51) | 75 (50) | ||
| Type of surgery (n = 694) | Elective | 555 (80) | 438 (80) | 117 (79) | 0.621 |
| Emergency | 139 (20) | 107 (20) | 32 (21) | ||
| Tumour location (n = 691) | Right | 293 (42) | 228 (42) | 65 (44) | 0.345 |
| Left | 246 (36) | 190 (35) | 56 (38) | ||
| Rectum | 152 (22) | 126 (23) | 26 (18) | ||
| Tumour characteristics | |||||
| T stage (n = 695) | 1–2 | 115 (17) | 98 (18) | 17 (12) | 0.022 |
| 3 | 382 (55) | 301 (55) | 81 (54) | ||
| 4 | 198 (28) | 147 (27) | 51 (34) | ||
| N stage (n = 693) | 0 | 433 (63) | 343 (63) | 90 (60) | 0.188 |
| 1 | 184 (27) | 148 (27) | 36 (24) | ||
| 2 | 76 (10) | 53 (10) | 23 (16) | ||
| TNM stage (n = 695) | I | 94 (14) | 81 (15) | 13 (9) | 0.263 |
| II | 333 (48) | 260 (47) | 73 (50) | ||
| III | 253 (36) | 196 (36) | 57 (39) | ||
| IV | 15 (2) | 13 (2) | 2 (2) | ||
| Tumour differentiation (n = 695) | Mod/well | 623 (90) | 495 (91) | 128 (86) | 0.092 |
| Poor | 72 (10) | 51 (9) | 21 (14) | ||
| Venous invasion (n = 695) | No | 461 (66) | 355 (65) | 106 (71) | 0.157 |
| Yes | 234 (34) | 191 (35) | 43 (29) | ||
| Margin involvement (n = 695) | No | 654 (94) | 512 (94) | 142 (95) | 0.471 |
| Yes | 41 (6) | 34 (6) | 7 (5) | ||
| Necrosis (n = 683) | Absent | 417 (61) | 335 (62) | 82 (57) | 0.211 |
| Present | 266 (39) | 203 (38) | 63 (43) | ||
| Proliferation (n = 690) | Low | 282 (41) | 211 (39) | 71 (48) | 0.057 |
| High | 408 (59) | 330 (61) | 78 (52) | ||
| MMR status (n = 676) | Competent | 578 (84) | 458 (84) | 120 (81) | 0.348 |
| Deficient | 113 (16) | 85 (16) | 28 (19) | ||
| Tumour microenvironment | |||||
| Klintrup-Mäkinen grade (n = 670) | Weak | 461 (67) | 263 (67) | 98 (67) | 0.959 |
| Strong | 224 (33) | 176 (33) | 48 (33) | ||
| Tumour stroma percentage (n = 660) | Low | 522 (77) | 403 (76) | 119 (82) | 0.174 |
| High | 153 (23) | 126 (24) | 27 (18) | ||
| Adjuvant therapy (n = 261) | No | 166 (63) | 129 (63) | 37 (64) | 0.938 |
| Yes | 96 (37) | 75 (37) | 21 (36) | ||