FIGURE 2.
Theraputic effect of MSCs and MSC-EVs for rotator cuff injuries and underlying signaling pathways. RC, rotator cuff; MSCs, mesenchymal stem cells; EVs, extracellular vesicles; MAKP, mitogen-activated protein kinase; ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinases; PI3K, phosphoinositide 3-kinase; SCX, scleraxis; TNMD, tenomodulin; TNC, tenascin C, Sox9, SRY-Box transcription factor 9; Runx2, runt-related transcription factor 2; AMPK, 5′ AMP-activated protein kinase; NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa B; MMPs,matrix metalloproteinases; IL, interleukin. ECM, extracellular matrix.