Table 1.
Demographics of the study population (N = 4553)
| N | (%) | Median | IQR | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years)a | 68.6 | 11.2 | ||
| Women | 2,556 | 56.2 | ||
| Psychopathology | ||||
| Depressive symptoms (score)b | 4 | 2–8 | ||
| Anxiety symptoms (score)c | 3 | 1–5 | ||
| Lonelinessd | ||||
| Feeling left out | 1 | 1–2 | ||
| Feeling isolated | 2 | 1–2 | ||
| Feeling alone | 1 | 1–2 | ||
| Missing company | 2 | 1–2 | ||
| Social connectednesse | ||||
| Connected to all Dutch people | 4 | 3–5 | ||
| Connected to neighbors, friends or family | 5 | 4–5 | ||
| Currently receiving help and support from family or friends | 4 | 3–5 | ||
| Currently offering help to others | 3 | 2–4 | ||
| Expecting help from others if needed in case of a COVID-19 infection | 4 | 3–5 | ||
| Pandemic-related worryf | ||||
| Worry to get infected with COVID-19 | 3 | 2–3 | ||
| Worry others getting infected with COVID-19 | 3 | 2–3 | ||
| Financial worry | 2 | 1–3 | ||
| Worry about daily life | 3 | 2–3 | ||
| Worry about inability to visit family or friends | 3 | 2–4 | ||
IQR inter quartile range, SD standard deviation
aMean and SD
bAssessed using the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale
cAssessed using the Hospital and Depression Scale
dPossible answering options were “Almost never, or never” = 1, “Sometimes” = 2, and “Often” = 3
ePossible answering options were “Strongly disagree” = 1, “Slightly agree” = 2, “Neutral” = 3, “Slightly agree” = 4, and “Strongly agree” = 5
f Possible answering options were “Never” = 1, “Rarely” = 2, “Sometimes” = 3, “Often” = 4, and “Almost continuously” = 5