ADC	apparent diffusion coefficient
ADMSC	adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells
AF4	Asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation
AHSG	alpha 2-HS glycoprotein
ALB	albumin
ALT	alanine aminotransferase
APOH	apolipoprotein H
ASGPR1	asialoglycoprotein receptor
ASH	Alcoholic steatohepatitis
AST	aspartate aminotransferase
AUROC	Area under Receiver Operating Characteristics
BCA	bicinchonic acid
BM-MSCs	Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
CAFs	Cancer-associated fibroblasts
CCA	Cholangiocarcinoma
CCN2	Connective tissue growth factor
ceRNA	competing endogenous RNA
CFH	Complement Factor H
CH	chronic hepatitis
CHB	chronic hepatitis B
CHC	chronic Hepatitis C
CHOP	enhancer-binding protein homologous protein
CK18	Cytokeratin-18
CLEC3B	C-Type Lectin Domain Family 3 Member B
CSCs	Cancer stem cells
CTGF	connective tissue growth factor
DCP	des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin
DDS	drug delivery system
EVs	Extracellular vesicles
EC	endothelial cells
EGF	endothelial growth factor
E-HCC	early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma
EMT	Epithelial–mesenchymal transition
ENO1	Alpha-enolase
EpCAM	epithelial cell adhesion molecule
ESCRT	endosomal sorting complex required for transport
ELISA	enzyme linked immunosorbent assay
FCS	fluorescence correlation spectroscopy
FABP1	fatty acid binding protein 1
FGB	fibrinogen beta chain
FUS	focused ultrasound
GEVs	Glioma-derived EVs
GGT	glutamyl aminotransferase
GPC3	glypican3
HCC	hepatocellular carcinoma
HCV	Hepatitis C Virus
HDL	High-density lipoprotein particles
HEMs	Adult human epidermal melanocytes
HGF	Hepatocyte growth factor
HIF-1α	Hypoxia Inducible factor 1 α
HIF-2α	Hypoxia Inducible factor 2 α
HSCs	Hepatic stellate cells
HUVECs	Human umbilical vein endothelial cells
IL	nterleukin
ILVs	intraluminal vesicles
iNOS	Inducible nitric oxide synthase
LAMP2B	lysosomal associated membrane protein 2B
LC	liver cirrhosis
LDLT	living donor liver transplantation
LG3BP	galectin-3-binding protein
LFIA	Lateral-Flow Immunochromatographic Assay
MMP	Matrix metalloproteinase
MPs	Microparticles
MSC	mesenchymal stem cells
MVBs	multivesicular bodies
m/lEVs	medium/large EVs
MDVs	Mitochondria-Derived Vesicles
MAC	membrane attack complex
NTA	nanoparticle tracking analysis
NAFL	Nonalcoholic fatty liver
NASH	non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
NC	normal control
NVs	Nanovesicles
PIGR	polymeric immunoglobulin receptor
RBP4	retinol binding protein 4
ROS	reactive oxygen species
sEVs	small EVs
SNX9	sorting nexin 9
SDS-PAGE	sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
SAH	Severe alcoholic hepatitis
SMAD3	SMAD Family Member 3
sPTPRG	Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor Gamma
TAMs	Tumor-associated macrophages
TF	transferrin
TGF-β	Transforming growth factor
TME	Tumor microenvironment
TNFα	Tumor necrosis factor alpha
TSG101	tumor susceptibility gene 101 protein
TRPS	tunable resistive pulse sensing
VEGF	Vascular endothelial growth factor