Table 5 –

Standard Deviation of Coding by Type of Hospital

	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)
Statistic	Std Dev	Std Dev	Std Dev	Std Dev	N
All Hospitals	0.199	0.151	0.151	0.160	2,341
By Ownership
Government	0.222	0.163	0.162	0.141	392
Non-Profit	0.191	0.147	0.147	0.167	1,571
For-Profit	0.192	0.143	0.143	0.143	378
By Location
Rural	0.229	0.171	0.170	0.190	525
Large Urban	0.192	0.146	0.145	0.146	988
Other Urban	0.182	0.142	0.141	0.151	828
By Size
Upper Tercile	0.174	0.137	0.137	0.129	780
Middle Tercile	0.184	0.141	0.141	0.143	775
Lower Tercile	0.227	0.168	0.167	0.196	786
By Teaching Status
Non-Teaching	0.206	0.154	0.153	0.159	1,459
Major Teaching	0.183	0.146	0.146	0.129	237
Minor Teaching	0.182	0.141	0.141	0.168	645
By EMR Type
None	0.184	0.143	0.143	0.135	151
Basic	0.207	0.155	0.154	0.151	1,175
Advanced	0.186	0.143	0.143	0.171	1,015
By Hospital-Physician Integration
None	0.201	0.151	0.150	0.180	714
Contract	0.188	0.145	0.145	0.129	392
Employment	0.191	0.147	0.147	0.164	821
Patient Controls	None	Admission	Full	Full
Physician Controls	None	None	None	FE

Each row shows the standard deviation in coding score for a different partition of hospitals (hospital counts, which apply to columns 1–4, shown in column 5). Column 1 uses no controls to calculate the hospital effects. Column 2 adds controls for patient characteristics observable upon admission, and column 3 adds histories of chronic conditions. Column 4 adds physician fixed effects. All results are adjusted for sampling variation.