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. 2022 Jun 8;18:58. doi: 10.1186/s12992-022-00836-2

Table 2.

Characteristics of included studies

Study ID ref Before the COVID-19 During the COVID-19 Country relative changea Quality
number of total cases number of events Time frame number of total cases number of events Time frame
DKA rate in T1DM Atlas al. [30] 204 86 2020 58 30 2017–2019 Australia 0.81% good
Ponmani al. [31] 150 49 January and July, 2020 178 79 2019 UK 1.03% good
Rabbone al. [32] 208 86 2020 160 61 20 February and 14 April 2019 Italia 0.51% good
Kamrath et al. [33] 959 233 March 13 to May 13 2020 532 238 2019 and 2018 Germany 1.6% good
Bogale et al. [34] 370 172 03/01/2020- and 09/14/2020 42 19 1/1/2017 to 2/28/2020 USA 0.51% good
Ho et al. [35] 114 52 March 17 to August 31, 2020 107 73 2019 Canada 1.04% good
Gera al. [36] 31 13 2020 33 21 1 March to 30 June, 2019 USA 1.1% fair
Lawrence al. [37] 42 11 March to May,2020 11 8 2015–2019 Australia 2.51% good
Vassospasm rate in CT angiography Fiorindi et al. [38] 179 14 March 9 to May 10, 2017–2018-2019 72 13 March 9 to May 10, 2020 Italy 2.23% fair
Aboukaïs et al. [39] 28 21 March 1st, 2019 and April 26th, 2019 26 24 March 1st, 2019 and April 26th, 2020 France 0.48% good
Orchiectomy rate in testicular torsion Nelson et al. [40] 77 13 1 January 2018–29 February 2020 17 5 1 March 2020–31 May 2020 USA 1.57% good
Littman et al. [41] 47 21 2015 to 2019 20 5 March 15, 2020 to May 4, 2020 USA 0.11% good
Pogorelić et al. [42] 68 11 January 1st, 2019 to March 10th, 2020 51 22 March 11th, 2020 to December 31st, 2020 Croatia 2.5% good
Holzman et al. [43] 137 40 January 2019 through February 2020 84 34 March through July 2020 USA 1.09% good
Lee et al. [44] 55 18 3/11/2018 to 10/1/2019 27 12 3/11/2020 to 10/1/2020 USA 1.03% good
Shields [45] 79 30 March 1, 2015-December 31, 2019 38 19 March 1, 2020-December 31, 2020 USA 0.94% good
rt-PA reciving rate in CVA patients Xu et al. [46] 153 53 December 1, 2019, and January 30, 2020 99 29 February 1, 2020, and March 31, 2020 China 0.5% good
Velilla-Alonso et al. [47] 112 65 March 14 to May 14, 2019 83 36 March 14 to May 14, 2020 Spain 0.17% good
Aref et al. [48] 118 17 whole study in December 7, 2019 and May 10, 2020; not clearly addresed 136 31 whole study in December 7, 2019 and May 10, 2020; not clearly addresed Egypt 1.44% fair
Roushdy. et al. [49] 151 16 February 15 to april 3, 2019 93 20 February 15 to april 3, 2021 Egypt 1.92% good
Katsanos et al. [50] 8 March 17- april 30, 2019 12 March 17- april 30, 2020 Canada fair
Teo et al. [51] 89 64 January 23, 2020–March 24, 2019 73 40 January 23, 2020–March 24, 2020 Hong Kong 0.04% good
Padmanabhan et al. [52] 167 22 March 15th and April 14th, 2019 101 11 March 15th and April 14th, 2020 UK 0.69% good
D’Anna et al. [53] 283 46 23rd March to 30th June 2019 235 27 23rd March to 30th June 2020 UK 0.54% good
Paliwal. et al. [54] 206 25 from 1st November 2019 to 7th February 2020 144 24 from 7th February to 30th April 2020 Singapore 1.25% good
Tejada Meza et al. [55] 492 178 March 9–May 3, 2020 304 97 December 30, 2019 - March 9, 2020 Spain 0.52% good
Agarwal et al. [56] 634 195 6/1/2019–2/29/2020 120 38 03/012020–05/152020 US 0.72% good
Wallace et al. [57] 2692 335 Jan 1–Feb 29, 2020 1225 149 Mar 20–Apr 25, 2020 US 0.85% good
Wu et al. [58] 2354 1199 01/24/2019 to 04/29/2019 1281 791 01/24/2020 to 04/29/2020 china 0.7% good
Sevilis. et al. [59] 15,226 1137 December 1, 2019, to March 15, 2020 11,105 88 March 15, 2020 to June 27, 2020 US 0.03% good
Tavanaei et al. [60] 190 25 2019 (Mar 1 to Jun 1) 95 18 2020 (Mar 1 to Jun 1) Iran 1.31% good
Srivastava et al. [61] 39,113 4576 November 1, 2019 and February 3, 2020 41,971 4785 February 4, 2020 and June 29, 2020 US 0.86% good
Frisullo et al. [62] 41 13 March–April 2019 52 7 March–April 2020 Italy 0.11% fair
Luo et al. [63] 377 293 January 2019 to May 2019 315 231 January 2020 to May 2020 China 0.17% good
Bhatia et al. [64] 1237 182 February and July 2019 1312 230 February and July 2020 India 1.04% fair
Cummings et al. [65] 5239 656 March 2019 to February 2020 613 95 March to April 2020 US 1.11% good
Rinkel et al. [66] 407 59 October 21st–December 8th 2019 309 50 March 16th–May 3th 2020 Netherlands 0.97% good
Ramos-Pachón et al. [67] 1033 300 March 15–May 2, 2020 805 177 March 15–May 2, 2020 Spain 0.47% good
Meza et al. [68] 225 52 30 December 2019 to 14 march, 2020 93 20 15 march, 2020 to 4 May 2020 Spain 0.7% fair
Velilla-Alonso et al. [47] 112 65 March 14 to May 14, 2019 83 36 March 14 to May 14, 2020 Spain 0.17% good
Nagamine et al. [69] 37 15 March 1–April 30, 2019 36 10 March 1–April 30, 2020 US 0.28% good
Siegler et al. [70] 1491 124 March 1, 2019, and July 31, 2019 1464 54 March 1, 2020, and July 31, 2020 US 0.36% good
Wang et al. [71] 320 20 12/1/19–03/11/20 255 30 03/12/20–06/30/20 1.82% fair
Perforated appendicitis rate in acute appendicitis Yang et al. [72] 129 10 January to September 209 106 19 January to September 2020 china 0.25% good
Zhou et al. [73] 121 10 2019 81 15 2020 china 0.26% good
Tankel et al. [74] 237 31 31 December 2019–18 February 2020 141 29 19 February 2020–07 April 2020 Israel 0.43% good
Orthopoulos et al. [75] 199 50 February 1–March 15, 2020/ 2019/ 2018 40 25 March 16, 2020–April 30, 2020 USA −0.22% good
Kumaira Fonseca et al. [76] 82 12 March and April 2019 36 11 March and April 2020 Brazil 0.17% good
Turanli et al. [77] 145 31 March 1st,2019–February 29th, 2020 59 12 March 1st, 2020–May 31st, 2020 Turkey 0.85% good
Wang et al. [78] 48 6 January 21, 2018 to May 6, 2018, and January 21, 2019 to May 6, 2019 32 10 January 2020 to May 2020 USA 0.09% fair
Jäntti et al. [79] 127 22 1 February 2020 and 30 April 2020; first 6 weeks 99 31 1 February 2020 and 30 April 2020; second 7 weeks Finland 0.24% good
Lisi et al. [80] 34 9 February 2019 and December 2019 27 16 February 2020 and December 2020 Italy −0.15% good
Burgard et al. [81] 241 37 March 12 to June 6, 2017, 2018, and 2019 65 21 March 12 to June 6, 2020 switzerland 0.15% good
Antakia et al. [82] 110 22 November 1, 2019 to March 10, 2020 59 12 March 10, 2020 to July 5, 2020 UK 0.78% good
Finkelstein et al. [83] 59 10 March to May 2019 48 16 March to May 2020 USA 0.18% good
Sartori et al. [84] 791 76 march-April 2019 546 87 arch-April 2020 Italy 0.44% good
Baral et al. [85] 42 6 90 prior March 24 2020 50 10 90 days after March 242,020 Nepal 0.51% fair
Toale et al. [86] 122 11 January 1st – March 25th 62 13 March 26th – May 31st Ireland 0.22% good
Dreifuss et al. [87] 65 11 April 1, 2020 and April 30, 2018, 2019 15 7 April 1, 2020 and April 30, 2020 Argentina −0.1% good
Mor Aharoni et al. [88] 60 5 1 March 2019 to 30 April 2019 74 0 April 1, 2020 and April 30, 2020 israel NA fair
Neufeld et al. [89] 840 181 December 1, 2019–March 10, 2020 91 25 March 11, 2020–May 16, 2020 usa 0.51% good
Scheijmans et al. [90] 642 157 February and March 2019 607 179 February and March 2020 Netherlands 0.53% good
Somers et al. [91] 69 4 12/03/2019 and 30/06/2019 40 8 12/03/2020 and 30/06/2020 Ireland 0.09% good
rupture rate in ectopic pregnancy Barg et al. [92] 43 2 March 10–May 12, 2019 29 6 March 10–May 12, 2020 Israel 0.02% good
Dvash et al. [93] 30 5 15 March and 15 June 2018, 2019 19 11 15 March and 15 June 2020 Israel −0.29% good
Toma et al. [94] 136 82 March 2019 and February 2020 62 50 March 2020 and June 2020 Delaware −0.06% fair
Platts et al. [95] 179 4 January 2019–June 2019 162 3 March 2020–August 2020 UK 1.19% good
Casadio et al. [96] 201 52 January 1st 2014 - February 29th 2020 9 6 March 1st to 30th April 2020 Italy −0.28% fair
Anteby et al. [97] 208 23 February 27, 2020 to September 27, 2018, 2019 100 23 February 27, 2020 to September 27, 2020 Israel 0.25% good
Werner et al. [98] 12 51 2019–2020 10 12 March 15th and May 17th, 2020 USA 2.34% fair
Dell’Utri et al. [99] 9 20 February 24 th - May 31 th 2019 11 16 February 24 th - May 31 th 2020 Italy 0.07% good
ACS patient-related delay Tam et al. [100] 48 – February 1, 2018, to January 31, 2019 7 – January 25, 2020, to February 10, 2020 China NE fair
Fileti et al. [101] 94 – 10 March and 10 April 2019, 72 – 10 March and 10 April 2020, Italy NE good
Mesnier et al. [102] 664 – Feb to Mar 16 2020 457 – Mar 17 to Apri 122,020 France NE good
Choudhary et al. [103] 1488 – (25 March to 24 April 2020 289 – (25 January to 24 February 2020 India NE good
Kwok et al. [104] 33,255 – 1 January 2017 to 22 March 2020 683 – 23 March 2020 to 30 April 2020 UK NE good
Erol et al. [105] 1872 – 15-day registry (November 1–15, 2018 991 – April 17–May 2, 2020 Turkey NE good
Erol (b) et al. 1872 – 992 – NE
Toner et al. [106] 102 – March 16–April 15 between 2014 and 2019 20 – March 16–April 15, 2020 Australia NE good
Li et al. [107] 1092 – 2019 (Feb to Apr) 1038 – 2020 (Feb to Apr) Taiwan NE fair
Claeys et al. [108] 260 – March 13 to April 3 2019 188 – March 13 to April 32,019 Belgium NE fair
Trabattoni et al. [109] 10 – March 8 and April 10,2019 24 – March 8 and April 10,2020 Italy NE fair
Braiteh et al. [110] 113 – March/April of 2019 67 – March/April 2020 USA NE good
Cammalleri et al. [110] 35 – Mar 1 to Mar 31 2019 13 – Mar 1 to Mar 31 2020 Italy NE good
Scholz et al. [111] 1329 – Mar 2017–2019 387 – Mar2020 Germany NE good
Scholz (b) et al. 1330 – 388 – NE good
Hauguel-Moreau et al. [112] 63 – 2018–2019 from February 17 to April 26 16 – March 17, 2020 in France (week 12) France NE good
Romaguera et al. [113] 524 – 1 March to 19 April 2019 395 – 1 March to 19 April, 2020 Spain NE fair
Romaguera (b) et al. 525 – 396 – NE
Xiang et al. [114] 626 – 4 weeks before January 24, 2020 236 – 4 weeks after January 24, 2020 China NE good
Xiang (b) et al. 15,729 – 4 weeks before January 24, 2020 11,598 – 4 weeks after January 24, 2020 non-hubai NE good
Yasuda et al. [115] 274 – January–July 2015–2019 64 – January–July 2020 Japan NE good
Sutherland et al. [116] 145 – 1 March 2020 to 31 April 2020 108 – 1 March 2020 to 31 April 2020 Australia NE good
Sutherland (b) et al. 145 – 1 March 2020 to 31 April 2021 82 – 1 July 2020 to 31 August 2020 Australia NE good
Trabattoni et al. [117] 386 – Jan 1-Dec 31, 2019 599 – Jan 1-Dec 31, 2020 Italy NE good
Calvão et al. [118] 80 – March and April 2019 71 – March and April 2020 Portugal NE good
Chan et al. [119] 908 – 23 March – 26 April 2015–2019 164 – 23 March – 26 April 2020 New Zealand NE good
Nan et al. [120] 158 – between August 1, 2019, and January 22, 2020 52 – January 23, 2020, and March 31, 2020 China NE good
Tomasoni et al. [121] 51 – Jan 3 to Feb 20, 2020 34 – Feb 21 to Apr 10, 2020 France NE good

aRelative change in event rate; NE not estimated