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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Opin Virol. 2022 Feb 1;53:101203. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2022.101203

Figure 1: Models of HIV-1 Nuclear import:

Figure 1:

Following envelope-mediated fusion, the viral capsid core is released into the cytoplasm. (A) Model 1: Viral core undergoes disassembly enroute to the NPC (a) or at the NPC (b) allowing nuclear import. (B) Model 2: Nuclear import of intact HIV-1 cores through the NPC through (c) NPC remodeling whereby Nups are displaced from the NPC increasing the diameter of the central pore channel allowing nuclear import of intact cores. (d) Presence of heterogeneous NPCs in infected cells of varying sizes that can accommodate different sized cargos. Nuclear import mediated through docking at an NPC with central channel diameter that exceeds the diameter of an intact core.