FIGURE 1.

Synthetical PFFs induced the LB/LN pathology in mouse primary neuronal cells. (A) Typical fibril morphology of human/mouse fibrils/PFFs under the negative-stain transmission electron microscopy. (B) Coomassie blue staining of α-synuclein monomer and fibril seeds. (C) Fluorescent staining of phosphorylated α-synuclein in mouse primary neuronal cells. Time-dependent increase of phosphorylated pathological α-synuclein can be observed in human and mouse fibril seeds-treated neurons (5 days, 10 days, and 15 days, respectively). LB/LN pathology spread from the neuron axon to the cell body. After 5 days treated with mouse α-synuclein PFFs (1 μg/ml), almost no phosphorylation of pathological α-synuclein is produced, scale bar = 100 μm; Treated with mouse α-synuclein PFFs (1 μg/ml) for 10 days, a small amount of phosphorylation pathological α-synuclein can be observed, scale bar = 100 μm; After 10 days treated by human α-synuclein PFFs (1 μg/ml), a large number of phosphorylated pathological LN distributed along the axons of neurons and there was a tendency to accumulate in the cells, scale bar = 100 μm; Treated with human α-synuclein PFFs (1 μg/ml) for 15 days, a large number of round aggregates LB appeared in the neuronal soma, scale bar = 50 μm.