TABLE 1.
Patient demographics and clinical characteristics
| Demographic and clinical characteristics | Patients with TDT (n = 165) |
|---|---|
| Age at the end of the observation period (years), median (IQR) | 24.1 (11.8–37.2) |
| Age distribution, n (%) | |
| <12 | 42 (25%) |
| 12 < 18 | 19 (12%) |
| 18 < 30 | 42 (25%) |
| 30 < 40 | 29 (18%) |
| 40 < 50 | 18 (11%) |
| 50 < 60 | 12 (7%) |
| ≥60 | 3 (2%) |
| Male, n (%) | 82 (50%) |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | n = 148 |
| Pakistani | 49 (33%) |
| Bangladeshi | 18 (12%) |
| Indian | 17 (11%) |
| Chinese | 7 (5%) |
| White and Asian | 1 (1%) |
| Any other Asian background | 19 (13%) |
| White and Black African | 1 (1%) |
| Any other White background | 28 (19%) |
| Any other Black background | 1 (1%) |
| Any other Mixed background | 3 (2%) |
| Other ethnic group | 4 (3%) |
| Not stated | 17 |
| Comorbidities at baseline | n = 156 |
| None | 49 (31%) |
| ≥1 | 107 (69%) |
| Not known | 9 |
| Comorbidities recorded in ≥5 patients, n (% of 156) | |
| Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism a | 31 (20%) |
| Splenectomy a | 31 (20%) |
| Cardiac disease a | 26 (17%) |
| Vitamin D Deficiency | 25 (16%) |
| Osteoporosis a | 22 (14%) |
| Diabetes a | 20 (13%) |
| Hepatitis a | 16 (10%) |
| Osteopenia a | 13 (8%) |
| Hypothyroidism a | 12 (8%) |
| Asthma | 11 (7%) |
| Hypogonadism a | 11 (7%) |
| Growth failure a | 9 (6%) |
| Eczema | 8 (5%) |
| Liver iron overload a | 7 (4%) |
| Impaired glucose tolerance a | 7 (4%) |
| Hypoparathyroidism a | 6 (4%) |
| Other | 81 |
| Duration of TDT at baseline (years), median (IQR) | 9.5 (3.6–18.5), n = 112 |
| Age at TDT diagnosis (years), median (IQR) | 1.0 (0.5–8.0), n = 107 |
a
Comorbidities likely to be TDT‐related. IQR: interquartile range. TDT: transfusion‐dependent β‐thalassaemia.