Table 1.
Sociodemographic and bereavement-related characteristics of the participants (N = 277).
| M ± SD or N (%) | |
|---|---|
| Gender | |
| Male | 103 (37.2%) |
| Female | 174 (62.8%) |
| Age (years) | 62.31 ± 6.33 |
| Home location | |
| Rural/county town | 65 (23.4%) |
| City | 212 (76.6%) |
| Education levela | |
| Illiteracy and primary school | 23 (8.3%) |
| High school | 167 (60.3%) |
| Junior college and above | 60 (21.7%) |
| Missing | 27 (9.7%) |
| Duration of bereavementa | 10.06 ± 6.96 |
| Cause of child’s deatha | |
| Non-traumatic (i.e. chronic and acute diseases) | 114 (41.2%) |
| Traumatic (i.e. accident, natural disaster, human-made disaster, suicide, homicide and other) | 146 (52.7%) |
| Missing | 17 (6.1%) |
| Employmenta | |
| Unemployed | 39 (14.1%) |
| Employed | 16 (5.8%) |
| Retired | 194 (70.0%) |
| Missing | 28 (10.1%) |
| Marital status | |
| Divorced or separated | 29 (10.5%) |
| Married | 197 (71.1%) |
| Widowed | 15 (18.4%) |
| Monthly income per person (yuan) | 3516.04 ± 1472.46 |
| Age of child (years) | 25.84 ± 7.87 |
| Grandchildren | |
| Yes | 83 (30.0%) |
| No | 194 (70.0%) |
| Positive social support from close family members | 6.84 (2.61) |
| Negative social support from close family members | 5.38 (1.96) |
| Positive social support from peers | 5.50 (2.34) |
| Negative social support from peers | 4.10 (1.63) |
| Positive social support from others | 5.33 (2.00) |
| Negative social support from others | 4.53 (1.66) |
| Prolonged grief symptom | 40.67 (14.86) |
| Posttraumatic growth | 29.12 (10.90) |
| Loss-orientated coping | 11.57 (3.30) |
| Restoration-orientated coping | 13.94 (3.75) |
Note: M = mean, SD = standard deviation, N = number of participants.
a
Variables with missing values.