Table 3.
Summary results of pathogenesis and transmission of A(H1) viruses in the ferret model.
| Transmission f | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Virus | Name in the study | Subtype | NW titer a | Weight loss (%) b | Temp change (C°) c | Nasal disch. d | Snz. d | Diarrh.d | Mortalitye | DCT | RDT |
| A/Alberta/1/2020 | Alberta/1 | A(H1N2)v | 3.8 ± 0.5 | 6.1 (6/6) | 1.4 | 0/6 | 2/6 | 0/6 | 0/6 | 3/3 | 1/3 |
| A/Ohio/24/2017 | OH/24 | A(H1N2)v | 5.9 ± 0.9 | 9.0 (6/6) | 1.0 | 6/6 | 4/6 | 0/6 | 0/6 | 3/3 | 1/3 |
| A/California/62/2018 | CA/62 | A(H1N2)v | 6.2 ± 0.6 | 11.4 (6/6) | 1.7 | 6/6 | 3/6 | 0/6 | 0/6 | 3/3 | 1/3 |
| A/Michigan/288/2019 | MI/288 | A(H1N1)v | 7.6 ± 0.4 | 14.0 (6/6) | 1.9 | 6/6 | 3/6 | 0/6 | 0/6 | 3/3 | 3/3 |
| A/Michigan/45/2015 | MI/45 | A(H1N1)pdm09 | 6.9 ± 0.4 | 11.5 (3/3) | 1.8 | 1/3 | 2/3 | 0/3 | 0/3 | NT | 3/3 |
| A/Idaho/7/2018 | ID/7 | A(H1N1)pdm09 | 6.1 ± 0.4 | 20.6 (3/3) | 0.8 | 3/3 | 1/3 | 2/3 | 1/3 (d9) | NT | 3/3 |
| A/Nebraska/14/2019 | NE/14 | A(H1N1)pdm09 | 7.8 ± 0.2 | 11.7 (3/3) | 1.0 | 0/3 | 1/3 | 0/3 | 0/3 | NT | 3/3 |
Average maximum nasal wash (NW) titer expressed as log10 PFU/ml ± SD of ferrets inoculated with 6 log10 PFU of virus in 1 ml of PBS.
Average maximum weight loss within 10 days of inoculation. Number of ferrets that displayed weight loss over the total number of animals is in parenthesis.
Average maximum temperature increase over the baseline (37.7–39.7°C).
Number of ferrets displaying nasal discharge, sneezing or diarrhea over the total number of animals.
Number of animals euthanized during the experiment over the total number of animals; day of euthanasia shown in parenthesis.
DCT: Direct Contact Transmission model; RDT: Respiratory Droplet Transmission model. Number of contact ferrets with detectable virus in nasal washes over the total number of ferrets.
NT not tested.