Figure 5.

Effect of AR and GL extracts on the Akt/mTOR and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways in H9c2 cells. H9c2 cells were pretreated with 1 mg/mL of AR or GL extract or vehicle (control) for 12 h and then treated with or without 0.5 μM Dox for 24 h. (a) Protein expression levels of p-Akt, Akt, p-mTOR, mTOR, total Nrf2, Keap1, HO-1, and β-actin were examined using western blot analysis. (b)–(f) Quantitative analysis of protein expression levels. (g) H9c2 cells were pretreated with 0.5 and 1 mg/mL of AR for 12 h, and the protein expression levels of Nrf2 in the nucleus and cytosol were examined by western blot analysis. (h) Quantitative analysis of nuclear and cytosolic Nrf2 expression levels. Data are presented as percentage of control group (mean ± SD of three independent experiments). ^∗p < 0.05 indicates a statistically significant difference.