Table 3.

Adverse events potentially related to nicotine and other events

Variable	Nicotine	Placebo	Difference (95% CI)*
Adverse events potentially related to trial treatment†	n = 106	n = 111
Nausea or vomiting	1 (1%)	1 (1%)	0.03 (− 2.65; 2.71)
Skin rash	1 (1%)	1 (1%)	0.03 (− 2.65; 2.7)
Tachycardia	0	3 (3%)	− 2.78 (− 6.25; 0)
Total adverse events related to treatment	3 (3%)	3 (3%)	0.08 (− 4.41; 4.61)
Smoked/vaped in the 8 weeks following randomization	0	0	0
Other events during ICU stay†	n = 106	n = 112
Pneumothorax—no.	7 (7%)	9 (8%)	− 1.43 (− 8.42; 5.5)
VAP treated with antibiotics—no.	57 (54%)	72 (64%)	− 10.51 (− 23.37;2.14)
Bacteraemia—no.	22 (21%)	21 (19%)	2 (− 8.41; 12.55)
Renal replacement therapy—no.	20 (19%)	23 (21%)	− 1.67 (− 12.06; 9.17)
Thromboembolism	10 (9%)	18 (16%)	− 6.64 (− 15.28; 2.05)

^*The width of confidence intervals have not been adjusted for multiplicity and should not be used to infer definitive treatment differences

^†n = population at risk

VAP ventilator-associated pneumonia, ICU intensive care unit