Table 2.
Effect of hurricane by hospitalization type and damage category
| Low Damage (Frances and Irene) |
Medium Damage (Wilma, Rita, Ike, and Ivan) |
High Damage (Sandy and Katrina) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
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| 240 Days Before | 0–30 Days Post | 31–60 Days Post | 240 Days Before | 0–30 Days Post | 31–60 Days Post | 240 Days Before | 0–30 Days Post | 31–60 Days Post | |
| All Cause | N = 704,300 | N = 734,981 | N = 414,448 | ||||||
| Event Rate (per 100 py) | 191.4 | 204.7 | 224.1 | 193.6 | 211.6 | 220.0 | 194.2 | 220.1 | 206.6 |
| IRR (95% CI) | Ref | 1.08 (1.07–1.08) |
1.19 (1.19–1.20) |
Ref | 1.10 (1.09–1.11) |
1.16 (1.15–1.17) |
Ref | 1.14 (1.13–1.15) |
1.09 (1.08–1.10) |
| Heart Failure | N = 46,484 | N = 50,455 | N = 27,642 | ||||||
| Event Rate (per 100 py) | 150.8 | 169.7 | 192.7 | 151.0 | 177.2 | 199.2 | 148.2 | 190.1 | 193.6 |
| IRR (95% CI) | Ref | 1.13 (1.10–1.16) |
1.30 (1.27–1.33) |
Ref | 1.18 (1.15–1.21) |
1.34 (1.31–1.38) |
Ref | 1.29 (1.25–1.34) |
1.33 (1.29–1.38) |
| COPD | N = 27,415 | N = 28,399 | N = 16,407 | ||||||
| Event Rate (per 100 py) | 148.5 | 142.9 | 162.0 | 148.0 | 157.1 | 158.9 | 144.5 | 174.3 | 174.9 |
| IRR (95% CI) | Ref | 0.97 (0.93–1.00) |
1.10 (1.06–1.14) |
Ref | 1.07 (1.03–1.10) |
1.09 (1.05–1.12) |
Ref | 1.21 (1.16–1.27) |
1.23 (1.17–1.28) |
| Diabetes | N = 12,270 | N = 12,040 | N = 8,162 | ||||||
| Event Rate (per 100 py) | 138.4 | 140.3 | 147.7 | 135.8 | 144.2 | 148.9 | 138.7 | 154.1 | 135.8 |
| IRR (95% CI) | Ref | 1.02 (0.96–1.08) |
1.07 (1.02–1.13) |
Ref | 1.06 (1.01–1.12) |
1.10 (1.05–1.17) |
Ref | 1.11 (1.05–1.19) |
0.99 (0.92–1.06) |
PY=person-years; COPD=chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; IRR= incidence rate ratio.
Event rates represent the total number of hospitalizations observed in a period divided by the total person-time of exposure for individuals with a designated hospitalization type. IRRs estimated from conditional, within person fixed effects models.