Table 1:

Characteristics of population according to circadian preference in PrOMIS 2 (N = 1,796)

Characteristics	All participants (N = 1,796)		Morning type: (N= 796)		Intermediate type: (N= 558)		Evening type: (N= 442)		p-value
	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
Age (years)a	27.77 ± 6.25		28.76 ± 6.43		27.86 ± 6.12		25.86 ± 5.65		<0.001
Age (years)
18–20	118	6.6	46	5.8	32	5.7	40	9.0	<0.001
20–29	1010	56.2	406	51.0	319	57.2	285	64.5
30–34	377	21.0	177	22.2	120	21.5	80	18.1
≥35	291	16.2	167	21.0	87	15.6	37	8.4
Early pregnancy BMI (kg/m2)a	25.68 ± 4.18		25.90 ± 4.32		25.50 ± 4.11		25.49 ± 3.99		0.155
Early pregnancy BMI (kg/m2)
<18.5	36	2.0	15	1.9	12	2.2	9	2.0	0.394
18.5–24.9	818	45.5	347	43.6	256	45.9	215	48.6
25–29.9	676	37.6	298	37.4	217	38.9	161	36.4
≥30	248	13.8	125	15.7	68	12.2	55	12.4
Gestational age at interviewa	11.17 ± 3.93		11.03 ± 3.91		11.30 ± 3.96		11.27 ± 3.95		0.341
Education (years)
≤6	22	1.2	12	1.5	6	1.1	4	0.9	0.007
7–12	779	43.4	380	47.7	231	41.4	168	38.0
>12	987	55.0	402	50.5	316	56.6	269	60.9
Mestizo ethnicity	1437	80.0	645	81.0	440	78.9	352	79.6	0.781
Married/living with a partner	1479	82.4	657	82.5	474	85.3	348	78.7	0.027
Employed	861	47.9	421	52.9	249	44.6	191	43.2	0.001
Difficulty accessing basic food	786	43.9	351	44.3	261	47.0	174	39.4	0.051
Difficulty accessing medical care	740	41.5	347	43.9	224	40.8	169	38.3	0.152
Nulliparous	836	46.6	342	43.0	247	44.3	247	55.9	<0.001
Planned pregnancy	690	38.4	303	38.1	218	39.1	169	38.2	0.800
Tobacco smoking before pregnancy	265	14.8	89	11.2	75	13.4	101	22.9	<0.001
Tobacco smoking during pregnancy	33	1.8	13	1.6	5	0.9	15	3.4	0.026
Alcohol consumption before pregnancy	574	32.0	211	26.5	181	32.4	182	41.2	<0.001
Alcohol consumption during pregnancy	93	5.2	29	3.6	32	5.7	32	7.2	0.053
Antepartum generalized anxietya	5.15 ± 3.84		4.92 ± 3.81		5.00 ± 3.59		5.75 ± 4.14		0.001
Antepartum generalized anxiety (GAD ≥ 7)	560	31.2	230	28.9	174	31.2	156	35.3	0.066
Antepartum PTSDa	23.63 ± 7.69		23.53 ± 7.52		23.15 ± 7.06		24.41 ± 8.64		0.035
Antepartum PTSD (PCL ≥ 26)	550	30.6	228	28.6	166	29.7	156	35.3	0.045
Antepartum depressiona	6.92 ± 4.36		6.69 ± 4.26		6.92 ± 4.25		7.34 ± 4.65		0.037
Antepartum depression (PHQ-9 ≥ 10)	448	24.9	191	24.0	138	24.7	119	26.9	0.517

Due to missing data, percentages may not add up to 100%. For continuous variables, P-value was calculated using ANOVA; for categorical values, P-value was calculated using Chi-square test. Abbreviations: BMI; Body Mass Index.

^aMean ± standard deviation