Table 2.
Arterial stiffness and 2-year later echocardiogram measures in the TODAY participants, n=388
| Variable | Mean ± SD (n=388) |
|---|---|
| Arterial Stiffness Measures | |
| carotid femoral PWV (m/s) | 6.43 ± 1.57 |
| carotid radial PWV (m/s) | 7.74 ± 1.31 |
| femoral foot PWV (m/s) | 8.45 ± 2.60 |
| AIx (%) | 8.95 ± 10.90 |
| BrachD (mm/mmHg) | 6.02 ± 1.17 |
| Composite arterial stiffness z-score* | 0.003 ± 0.598 |
| Echocardiogram Measures | |
| Cardiac Structure | |
| LV mass/height2.7 (g/m2.7) | 38.80 ± 9.71 |
| LV relative wall thickness (cm) | 0.34 ± 0.06 |
| LA internal dimension (cm) | 3.68 ± 0.47 |
| LA area (cm2) | 18.22 ± 3.47 |
| Systolic Function | |
| LV ejection fraction (%) | 66.20 ± 6.21 |
| Longitudinal 4-chamber strain (%) | −19.47 ± 3.44 |
| Longitudinal 2-chamber strain (%) | −20.44 ± 3.83 |
| Circumferential strain (%) | −22.15 ± 4.40 |
| Radial strain (%) | 34.62 ± 21.49 |
| RV Function | |
| TAPSE (cm) | 2.25 ± 0.34 |
| Diastolic Function (mitral valve) | |
| Peak E with lateral Em (cm/s) | 88.62 ± 17.61 |
| Lateral Em (cm/s) | 14.31 ± 3.03 |
| Lateral E/Em (cm/s) | 6.48 ± 1.94 |
| Peak E with septal Em (cm/s) | 88.08 ± 17.55 |
| Septal Em (cm/s) | 10.75 ± 2.04 |
| Septal E/Em (cm/s) | 8.44 ± 2.06 |
| Mean septal-lateral E/Em (cm/s) | 7.48 ± 1.86 |
*
Composite arterial stiffness z-score represents an overall measure of arterial stiffness and is constructed by calculating a separate z-score ((x-μ)/σ) for the 3 PWV assessments and AIx and BrachD using the mean and standard deviation from the TODAY cohort. Z-scores were then summed and divided by the total number of measures assessed. The BrachD z-score value was reversed prior to summing since lower BrachD values are indicative of worsening.