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. 2022 Jun 8;13:3172. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-30747-0

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Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — The size of the pie charts is proportional to the cumulative generation capacities for each province in 2050. Thirteen generation technologies are shown including hydro, utility photovoltaics (PV), distributed PV, onshore wind, offshore wind, nuclear, biomass power, concentrated solar power (CSP), coal power, gas power, and carbon capture and storage (CCS) units. CCS units include coal CCS, gas CCS, and biomass CCS. Two energy storage systems are shown including pumped hydro storage (PHS) and battery energy storage system (BESS).