TABLE 3.
APOE genotypes and their association with AD and ADRD by sex in the Multiethnic Cohort Study (1999‐2014; N = 16,016)
| APOE genotype | AD | ADRD | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | N | HR (95% CI) | N | HR (95% CI) | |
| Women | 8002 | 525 | 1197 | ||
| ε2/ε2 & ε2/ε3 | 805 (10%) | 44 | 0.98 (0.71–1.36) | 109 | 0.95 (0.77–1.17) |
| ε3/ε3 | 4962 (62%) | 254 | 1.0 (ref) | 649 | 1.0 (ref) |
| ε2/ε4 & ε3/ε4 | 2045 (26%) | 204 | 2.22 (1.84–2.69) | 390 | 1.67 (1.47–1.91) |
| ε4/ε4 | 190 (2%) | 23 | 3.43 (2.22–5.29) | 49 | 3.00 (2.23–4.03) |
| P‐trend for genotype | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 | |||
| Men | 8014 | 495 | 1,251 | ||
| ε2/ε2 & ε2/ε3 | 837 (10%) | 33 | 0.72 (0.50–1.03) | 115 | 0.89 (0.72–1.08) |
| ε3/ε3 | 5088 (63%) | 270 | 1.0 (ref) | 709 | 1.0 (ref) |
| ε2/ε4 & ε3/ε4 | 1935 (24%) | 161 | 1.70 (1.39–2.08) | 375 | 1.48 (1.30–1.68) |
| ε4/ε4 | 154 (2%) | 31 | 5.20 (3.54–7.64) | 52 | 3.21 (2.41–4.28) |
| P‐trend for genotype | < 0.0001 | < 0.0001 | |||
| P for genotype by sex | 0.04 | 0.63 | |||
Note: The sex‐stratified Cox proportional hazards regression models were each adjusted for age at cohort entry, age at Medicare follow‐up start, and genetic ancestry (genetic ancestry proportion variables for African, East Asian, Native American and Polynesian ancestries, with European ancestry as the reference). Of 16,034 participants with APOE genotype data, 18 were removed for missing genetic ancestry information. The P‐trend for the APOE genotype associations was estimated by including a numeric variable for the APOE genotype categories ordered as above, ε2/ε2 through ε4/ε4. The P for genotype by sex for the difference in the genotype‐AD/ADRD association between women and men was obtained based on the interaction term between sex and the APOE genotype trend variable in a combined Cox regression model for AD or ADRD.
Abbreviations: AD, Alzheimer's disease; ADRD, Alzheimer's disease and related dementia; CI, confidence interval.