Table 2.

Studies using RFA for treatment of cholangiocarcinoma

Study	No. of patients	Study design	OS (mo)	Adverse events
Mizandari et al. (2013)49	39	Retrospective	2.98	-
Butros et al. (2014)50	7	Retrospective	38.5	-
Dolak et al. (2014)51	58	Retrospective	10.6	Cholangitis (5), hemobilia (3) sepsis (2), empyema (1)
Strand et al. (2014)38	16	Retrospective	9.6	-
Tal et al. (2014)52	12	Retrospective	6.4	Hemobilia (2)
Laquiere et al. (2016)53	12	Case series	12.3	Cholangitis (3), sepsis (1)
Wang et al. (2016)54	12	Retrospective	7.7	Infection (2), pancreatitis (1)
Wang et al. (2016)55	18	Retrospective	6.1	Cholangitis (3)
Wang et al. (2016)56	9	Retrospective	5.3	Cholangitis (4)
Cui et al. (2017)57	50	Retrospective	5	Cholangitis (10), pancreatitis (1)
Wu et al. (2017)58	35	Retrospective	6.97	Hemobilia (3), cholangitis (2)
Xia et al. (2017)59	43	Retrospective	2.68	-
Acu et al. (2018)60	21	Retrospective	2.53	Cholangitis (9), abscess (1)
Yang et al. (2018)13	65	RCT	13.2	Cholangitis (2)
Bokemeyer et al. (2019)61	32	Case control	11.4	Cholangitis (6), pancreatitis (2), other (1)
Hu et al. (2019)62	23	Retrospective	36	Pancreatitis (1)
Lee et al. (2019)63	30	Prospective	12.7	Pancreatitis (2), cholangitis (1)

RFA, radiofrequency ablation; OS, overall survival; RCT, randomized controlled trial.