Table 1.
Animal characteristics at 32 weeks of age
| Parameter | Control (n = 15) | HFpEF (n = 15) | HFpEF + MyoMed‐205 (n = 15) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Body weight (g) | 265 ± 4 | 559 ± 9*** | 558 ± 5*** |
| Tibia length (TL, mm) | 38.2 ± 0.1 | 38.1 ± 0.1 | 38.0 ± 0.1 |
| Heart weight/TL (mg/mm) | 23.54 ± 0.31 | 35.44 ± 0.50*** | 34.04 ± 0.35*** , § |
| Lung weight (wet/dry) | 4.72 ± 0.07 | 4.18 ± 0.05*** | 4.08 ± 0.03*** |
| Serum glucose (mg/dL) | 324 ± 20 | 572 ± 22*** | 505 ± 16*** |
| NT proBNP (pg/mL) | 96.9 ± 9.4 | 209.0 ± 38.2* | 162.8 ± 25.4 |
| Echocardiography | |||
| LV mass (mg) | 890 ± 11 | 1274 ± 20*** | 1224 ± 17*** |
| LVEF (%) | 79.0 ± 1.1 | 74.3 ± 1.2** | 79.6 ± 0.9 §§ |
| LVFS (%) | 52 ± 1.7 | 54 ± 1.3 | 45 ± 2.1 |
| LVSV (μL) | 441 ± 28 | 511 ± 17* | 489 ± 19 |
| LVEDV (μL) | 555 ± 34 | 691 ± 25*** | 605 ± 24 §§ |
| E/e′ | 21.6 ± 0.4 | 27.9 ± 0.7*** | 23.4 ± 0.6 §§§ |
| E/A | 1.2 ± 0.1 | 1.4 ± 0.1** | 1.2 ± 0.06 §§ |
| LAA (mm2) | 17 ± 1.1 | 21 ± 0.8** | 22.36 ± 0.6*** |
| LVAW (mm) | 1.76 ± 0.06 | 2.03 ± 0.07** | 2.08 ± 0.06** |
| LVPW (mm) | 1.66 ± 0.09 | 2.02 ± 0.09* | 2.15 ± 0.09** |
| LVID | 6.76 ± 0.11 | 7.97 ± 0.19*** | 7.47 ± 0.18** |
| Aortic valve area (mm2) | 5.64 ± 0.57 | 3.29 ± 0.21*** | 6.05 ± 0.64 §§§ |
| Aortic valve peak pressure (mmHg) | 13.39 ± 2.52 | 28.57 ± 3.39** | 19.82 ± 1.93 § |
| Invasive haemodynamic measurements | |||
| Ascending aorta | |||
| SAP (mmHg) | 125 ± 6 | 180 ± 4*** | 177 ± 6** |
| DAP (mmHg) | 95 ± 5 | 113 ± 3** | 115 ± 4** |
| MAP (mmHg) | 105 ± 6 | 136 ± 3*** | 136 ± 5*** |
| Left ventricle (LV) | |||
| LVEDP (mmHg) | 15 ± 1 | 22 ± 1*** | 16 ± 1 §§ |
| LVESP (mmHg) | 113 ± 8 | 165 ± 5*** | 159 ± 9*** |
| LVEDV (μL) | 434 ± 29 | 622 ± 47** | 507 ± 16 |
| LVESV (μL) | 134 ± 17 | 291 ± 31*** | 166 ± 13 §§ |
| dP/dt max (mmHg/s) | 5791 ± 310 | 9864 ± 411*** | 9885 ± 439*** |
| dP/dt min (mmHg/s) | −6055 ± 411 | −8148 ± 323*** | −8051 ± 416* |
| dV/dt max (μL/s) | 14 972 ± 1752 | 15 263 ± 926 | 12 407 ± 1598 |
| dV/dt min (μL/s) | −12 495 ± 1344 | −13 666 ± 1874 | −13 296 ± 1211 |
| LV stiffness constant betaw | 0.28 ± 0.05 | 2.54 ± 0.67* | 0.70 ± 0.14 § |
| Slope LV‐Ees (mmHg/μL) | 0.11 ± 0.02 | 0.25 ± 0.06* | 0.30 ± 0.05** |
*
P < 0.05.
**
P < 0.01.
***
P < 0.001 vs. control.
§
P < 0.05.
§§
P < 0.01.
§§§
P < 0.001 vs. HFpEF.