Table 2.
Analytes in blood of uninfected (control and DM) and ICU COVID-19 patients.
| Analytes | Control | DM | COVID-19 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Uninfected (n = 30) | Uninfected (n = 24) | Non-DM (n = 34) | DM (n = 31) | |
| Individual | ||||
| Glucose random (3.3–9.99 mmol/L) | 5.4 ± 1.2 | 13.6 ± 5.4↑ | 8.1 ± 2.7↑ | 14.5 ± 7.0↑ |
| Lactate (0.5–2.2 mmol/L) | 1.7 ± 0.6 | 2.2 ± 1.5 | ||
| Blood cell/coagulation | ||||
| WBC (4–10 × 103/μL) | 5.1 ± 1.3 | 8.03 ± 1.9↑ | 9.2 ± 3.7↑ | 10.9 ± 4.6↑ |
| RBC (4.5–5.5 × 106/μL) | 5.7 ± 0.8 | 4.6 ± 0.8 | 4.4 ± 0.9 | 4.4 ± 0.9 |
| Platelet (150–430 × 103/μL) | 249.3 ± 64.5 | 284.7 ± 126.9↑ | 286.9 ± 113.3 | 274.5 ± 139.7 |
| Neutrophils (1.5–6) × 109/L | 2.03 ± 0.17 | 4.8 ± 1.8 | 7.6 ± 1.3↑ | 7.59 ± 0.73↑ |
| Lymphocytes (1.3–2.9) × 109/L | 2.06 ± 0.08 | 1.5 ± 0.62 | 1.16 ± 0.17↓ | 1.35 ± 0.14↓ |
| Monocytes (0.1–0.6) × 109/L | 0.399 ± 0.12 | 0.38 ± 0.18 | 0.385 ± 0.04 | 0.46 ± 0.04 |
| Eosinophils (0.02–0.5) × 109/L | 0.11 ± 0.015 | 0.05 ± 0.005 | 0.017 ± 0.01↓ | 0.033 ± 0.015↓ |
| Basophils (0–0.2) × 109/L | 0.032 ± 0.003 | 0.02 ± 0.014 | 0.023 ± 0.01↓ | 0.017 ± 0.002↓ |
| Ferritin (30–400 μg/L) | 1238 ± 1224↑ | 1618 ± 1600↑ | 1216 ± 1083↑ | |
| Hemoglobin (13–17 g/dL) | 13.9 ± 1.1 | 10.9 ± 1.7 | 11 ± 2.4↓ | 10.5 ± 1.8↓ |
| Hematocrit (49–54%) | 45.1 ± 3.2 | 37.9 ± 6.1 | 35.1 ± 7.4↓ | 33.7 ± 7.5↓ |
| Prothrombin time (PT) (11.5–15.5 s) | 14.8 ± 2.9 | 15 ± 3.8 | 15.4 ± 4.7 | 15.1 ± 3.4 |
| Partial thromboplastin time (PTT) (26.4–36 s) | 37.8 ± 4.4 | 31.9 ± 7.3 | 34.5 ± 7.1 | 31.9 ± 6.6 |
| International normalize test (INR) (0.85–1.15) | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 1.1 ± 0.4 | 1.2 ± 0.5 | 1.1 ± 0.3 |
| Renal function | ||||
| Sodium (135–153 mmol/L) | 141.1 ± 1.7 | 140.1 ± 6.2 | 39.9 ± 7.1 | 140.6 ± 6.9 |
| Potassium (3.5–5.3 mmol/L) | 4.3 ± 0.3 | 4.4 ± 0.5 | 4.2 ± 0.7 | 4.4 ± 0.5 |
| Chloride (96–106 mEq/L) | 100.9 ± 1.5 | 101.6 ± 5.9 | 102.6 ± 7.7 | 102.4 ± 6.7 |
| Calcium (2.1–2.55 mmol/L) | 2.4 ± 0.1 | 2.1 ± 0.1 | 2.1 ± 0.2 | 2.1 ± 0.2 |
| Phosphorus (0.8–1.6 mmol/L) | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 1.3 ± 0.5 | 1.2 ± 0.4 | 1.3 ± 0.5 |
| Magnesium (0.7–1.0 mmol/L) | 0.9 ± 0.11 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | |
| Albumin (35–52 g/dL) | 47.1 ± 2.4 | 30.1 ± 4.3 | 31.8 ± 5.2↓ | 30.3 ± 4.6↓ |
| Urea (2.5–6.4 mmol/L) | 4.7 ± 1.4 | 12.7 ± 7.7↑ | 9 ± 6.9↑ | 12.6 ± 6.4↑ |
| Creatinine (53–106 μmol/L) | 84.5 ± 19.8 | 137.9 ± 87.9↑ | 89.8 ± 58.8 | 131.5 ± 72.3↑ |
| Liver function | ||||
| Total bilirubin (0–20 μmol/L) | 12.1 ± 12.6 | 12.3 ± 10.6 | 22.8 ± 5.71↑ | 11.7 ± 9.3 |
| Alanine aminotransferase (10–50 U/L) | 23.5 ± 15.1 | 65.2 ± 130.1 | 41.6 ± 33.6 | 148.2 ± 446.8↑ |
| Aspartate aminotransferase (0–38 U/L) | 22.5 ± 14.2 | 42.6 ± 19.6 | 49.2 ± 39.9↑ | 316.2 ± 1331.5↑ |
| Lactate dehydrogenase (81–230 U/L) | 648.6 ± 108↑ | 611.4 ± 655.9↑ | 586 ± 772.2↑ | |
| Creatine phosphokinase (38–308 U/L) | 160.5 ± 213.8 | 383.6 ± 427.7↑ | 346.3 ± 826.3↑ | 357.4 ± 393.9↑ |
| Creatine phosphokinase-MB (7–25 U/L) | 15.6 ± 3.9 | 30.8 ± 22.7↑ | 31.7 ± 30.2↑ | 33.6 ± 23.8↑ |
| Lipid profile | ||||
| Cholesterol (1.3–5.2 mmol/L) | 3.4 ± 1.3 | 4.2 ± 2.4 | 3.2 ± 1.0 | |
| Triglycerides (0.34–1.69 mmol/L) | 1.63.2 ± 0.6 | 2.6 ± 1.5 | 1.9 ± 1.0 | |
| HDL-cholesterol (1.03–1.55 mmol/L) | 0.82 ± 0.33 | 0.8 ± 0.3 | 0.8 ± 0.3 | |
| LDL-cholesterol (1.3–2.6 mmol/L) | 1.83 ± 1.1 | 2.2 ± 1.1 | 1.7 ± 0.9 | |