Table 2.
Ophthalmological outcomes
| All N = 304 |
Observation N = 45 |
Macular laser N = 100 |
Anti-VEGF N = 124 |
Macular laser and anti-VEGF N = 35 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at DME onset**, mean (SD) | 47.4 (14.4) | 47.5 (16.1) | 43.0 (12.1) | 49.9. (14.5) | 44.7 (13.2) |
| Given anti-VEGF-injections, mean (SDa) | 6.0 (4.2) | 6.5 (6.5) | |||
| Visual impaired eyes, n (%) | |||||
| at DME onset | 22 (7.2) | 4 (8.9) | 3 (3.0) | 11 (8.9) | 4 (11.4) |
| after the first DME | 16 (5.3) | 3 (6.7) | 4 (4.0) | 7 (5.6) | 2 (5.7) |
| at the end of follow-up | 7 (2.3) | 2 (4.4) | 3 (3.0) | 2 (1.6) | 0 (0) |
| Recurrence of DME, n (%) | 193 (63.5) | 41 (91.1) | 59 (59) | 80 (64.5) | 13 (37.1) |
| BCVA , mean (SDa) | |||||
| at DME onset | 76.4 (12.5) | 81.6 (8.8) | 80.8 (13.1) | 72.8 (11.1) | 72.4 (13.2) |
| at the end of first episode | 79.7 (11.5) | 80.8 (12.6) | 80.7 (13.7) | 78.9 (9.9) | 78.5 (8.9) |
| at the end of follow-up | 78.9 (12.2) | 78.3 (17.7) | 80.2 (13.4) | 78.3 (10.1) | 78.7 (9.0) |
| ETDRS letters gain after first episode, mean (95% CIb) | 2.9 (2.1 to 3.8) | 0.1 (-3.6 to 3.8) | -0.4 (-1.9 to 1.1) | 4.9 (3.9 to 6.0) | 5.5 (2.9 to 8.1) |
| p-value | <0.001* | >0.90 | 0.61 | <0.001* | <0.001* |
| ETDRS letters gain at the end of follow-up, mean (95% CIb) | 1.8 (1.0 to 2.7) | -3.7 (-7.4 to 0.04) | -1.1 (-2.7 to 0.4) | 4.1 (3.1 to 5.2) | 5.1 (2.5 to 7.8) |
| p-value | <0.001* | >0.90 | 0.14 | <0.001* | <0.001* |
VEGF Vascular endothelial growth factor, DME Diabetic macular edema, BCVA Best corrected visual acuity with ETDRS letters
*Statistical significance (p-value < 0.05)
**No statistical significance between groups (p = 0.38, ANOVA)
aStandard deviation
b95% confidence interval