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. 2022 Jun 9;4(7):e542–e557. doi: 10.1016/S2589-7500(22)00091-7

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Framework describing the ten COVID-19 phenotypes, and severity categories, produced using seven linked data sources to evaluate difference between COVID-19 waves and vaccination status

For all sources, ontology terms for both suspected and confirmed diagnosis were used. CHESS=COVID-19 Hospitalisations in England Surveillance System. ECMO= extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. ICU=intensive care unit. IMV=invasive mechanical ventilation. GDPPR=General Practice Extraction Service Extract for Pandemic Planning and Research. HES-APC=Hospital Episode Statistics for admitted patient care. HES-CC=Hospital Episode Statistics for adult critical care. NIV=non-invasive ventilation. SGSS=Second Generation Surveillance System. SUS=Secondary Uses Service. *The proportion of individuals with a specific COVID-19 event phenotype, of all individuals with any COVID-19 event phenotype (n=7 244 925). †COVID-19 phenotypes were not mutually exclusive, thus for some phenotypes, the number of events exceeds the number of individuals (eg, individuals could have more than one positive SARS-CoV-2 test). ‡Includes SARS-CoV-2 tests from National Health Service hospitals for individuals with a clinical need and health-care workers and swab testing from the wider population. §HES-CC does not provide data on ECMO treatments.