BAY61-3606 improves LPS-induced synaptic dysfunction and memory impairments. Immunoblot and quantification of SNAP25, Syp and PSD95 in LPS-treated model with or without BAY61-3606 in (A) cortex (n = 4) and (B) hippocampus (n = 4). Representative immunofluorescence images of (C) cortex and (D) hippocampus treated with PSD95 antibodies. Scale bars, 25 μm. Spatial working memory was measured by Y-maze test. In the test, (E) total arm entries, (F) spontaneous alternations were measured by automatic video tracking system. (G) Learning memory was measured by fear-aggravated test: passive avoidance. Bar graph color, white: control, grey: control with BAY61-3606, red: LPS, blue: LPS with BAY61-3606. Values indicate the mean ± SEM. The significant differences have been given in the graphs as follows: ns: not significant, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.005, *** p < 0.0001, **** p < 0.00001 compared with a group of interests and determined by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test. Abbreviations: LPS, lipopolysaccharide; SNAP25, Synaptosomal-associated protein, 25 kDa; Syp, synaptophysin; PSD-95, postsynaptic density protein-95.