Table 6.

Spearman Rank correlation coefficients (Rs) between owner’s assessments of dog emotion (arousal and valence) and behaviors during baselines and five experimental conditions (Stroking, Kong, Separation, Reunion, DollCar). Statistically significant correlations are marked with asterisks (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01).

	PreBaseline		Stroking		Kong		Separation		Reunion		DollCar		PostBaseline
	Arousal	Valence	Arousal	Valence	Arousal	Valence	Arousal	Valence	Arousal	Valence	Arousal	Valence	Arousal	Valence
Fear behaviors	−0.16	0.22	~	~	~	~	~	~	~	~	0.59 **	−0.72 **	0.31	−0.59 **
Vocalization	0.21	−0.14	0.23	0.06	0.28	−0.14	0.61 **	−0.68 **	0.01	0.01	0.56 **	−0.44 *	0.50 *	−0.34
Panting	0.20	−0.33	0.47 *	−0.20	~	~	0.35	−0.44 *	0.59 **	−0.15	0.27	−0.13	0.32	−0.20
Tail Wagging	−0.09	0.14	0.39	0.23	0.42 *	0.45 *	0.37	−0.29	0.51 **	−0.01	0.18	0.09	0.41 *	−0.15
Yawning	0.24	−0.38 *	0.14	0.03	~	~	−0.13	0.23	−0.10	−0.16	0.20	−0.08	0.51 **	−0.55 **
Self-directed behaviors	−0.12	−0.01	0.42 *	−0.06	−0.39 *	−0.01	−0.04	−0.16	−0.07	0.08	−0.09	0.15	0.59 **	−0.44 *
Close to owner	−0.30	0.23	0.09	0.13	0.28	−0.14	~	~	0.14	0.39 *	0.33	−0.46 *	−0.17	0.47 *
Interact with owner	0.28	−0.23	−0.04	0.23	−0.23	0.22	~	~	0.41 *	−0.07	−0.24	0.11	0.38	−0.47 *
Visit the owner	0.19	−0.19	0.23	−0.37	−0.20	0.18	~	~	−0.10	−0.18	−0.00	−0.07	0.43 *	−0.47 *
Interact with Kong	~	~	~	~	0.27	0.04	~	~	~	~	~	~	~	~
Interact with door	~	~	~	~	~	~	0.10	−0.11	~	~	~	~	~	~

~ The behavior did not occur during the test phase.